中蒙俄经济走廊建设中内蒙古与蒙、俄产能一体化分析——以钢铁、水泥为例

在“一带一路”倡议背景下,内蒙古凭借地缘优势、人文优势正在积极参与中蒙俄经济走廊的建设,并发挥着重要作用。内蒙古通过对蒙、俄输出钢铁和水泥,对促进内蒙古的经济增长起到了一定的积极作用。本文利用TVP－VAＲ模型实证检验证实,内蒙古对蒙、俄在钢铁、水泥的产能输出,短期内对第二产业的增长影响较为显著,但中期影响减弱,长期影响不明显。因此,内蒙古应抓住机会,通过产能一体化进一步化解钢铁、水泥过剩产能,从而实现产业结构升级和创新发展。     

Russian Competitiveness in the Global Economy

Abstract

Using data on Russia's competitiveness collected by our research team as part of the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report (GCR), literature on competitiveness, in particular Michael Porter's theories on economic development and competitiveness, and benchmarking data from the global competitiveness project for other countries, this paper analyzes Russia's comparative strengths in its macro and microeconomic competitiveness. We investigate Russia's movement in ranks over a three-year period, discussing Russia's strengths in its macroeconomic climate and the weaknesses of its institutions. We illustrate the effects of these on three-key growth industries in Russia: oil, IT outsourcing, and the food sector.     

我国东北地区与俄罗斯远东及西伯利亚地区经贸合作的战略构想

中俄两国政治关系的健康发展,经济实力的不断提高,以及中国振兴东北老工业基地和俄罗斯经济发展重心东移的重要战略,为我国东北地区和俄罗斯远东和西伯利亚地区的经济合作提供了广阔的空间,文章分析了俄罗斯远东及西伯利亚地区在中国国际战略中的重要意义.提出了我国东北地区与俄罗斯远东及西伯利亚地区经贸合作的战略构想.     

Investment and Innovation State Support of Agriculture in Russia as a Condition of WTO

Russian agriculture is one of the industries operating in the unstable economic situation in a developing market taking into account risks of the world economy, economic, political, and climatic factors. The role of agriculture is to provide people＇s needs for food, significant effects on employment, the efficiency of domestic production, and way of life in rural areas by obligatory preserving food security in Russia. One of the major tasks for agriculture is the development of innovations and investments aimed at improving the competitiveness of the domestic agricultural sector. Russia＇s membership in the WTO since 2012 is getting a particular importance in the innovation and investment support of agriculture. The strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation until 2020 ＂Innovative Russia--2020＂ assumes three possible options for innovative development： inertial （directed on imports）, catch-up development and a local technological competitiveness and a variant of achieving leadership in leading scientific and technical sectors, and fundamental research. A positive point is that the strategy provides an algorithm of state support of the innovation cycle. The innovation cycle is the process associated with the sequence of innovation transformations （scientific or business ideas） in products, technology, business process and launches it on the market for commercial use. A positively developing regional aspect is of great importance.     

Anatomy of Russia’s market segmentation1

Based on a relationship between price difference and demand difference among locations, the role of various market frictions in causing segmentation of the Russian goods market is analysed. The spatial sample covers most of Russian regions (70 of the 89); the data are annual, spanning 1992 to 2000. Spatial disconnectedness of regions is found to be responsible for about 70 percent of the average price differential, while the rest is caused by ‘artificial’ impediments to market integration such as regional protectionism, organized crime and intra‐region shipping conditions.     

Consumer ethnocentrism,product necessity and quality perceptions of Russian consumers

Retail buyers in Russia have indicated that some customers have expressed a desire to purchase domestically produced products over imports. Consumer ethnocentrism has been proposed as a measure to provide retail buyers with the information necessary to market to these consumers. The purpose of this research is to determine if perceived product quality of products differs based on country of origin, product necessity and consumer ethnocentric tendency. A repeated measures ANOVA test indicates that perceived quality differs by necessity, by product, by country. A consumer ethnocentrism effect on the overall model, however, was not significant. We conclude that Russian consumers do perceive differences in product quality based on country of origin and product necessity, but that consumer ethnocentrism does not have an effect on perceived product quality.     

Excise Tax Harmonisation in Australia at Federation

Constitutional changes at the time of Federation in Australia required the harmonisation of the excise tax rates of the former Colonies. This paper outlines the excise tax systems of the Colonies before Federation and that of the Commonwealth after Federation. Estimates are made of the consumer tax equivalent rates and of the implicit rates of protection in each Colony and in the Commonwealth after Federation. The Commonwealth Government harmonised the excise tax rates of the Colonies at about the mid‐points of the rates of the Colonies but the implicit rates of protection increased after Federation.     

转型经济国家政府会计改革——俄罗斯的经验和中国的选择

本文主要围绕近10年来俄罗斯政府会计发展的历史沿革、基于预算分类的俄罗斯政府会计预算科目形成以及俄罗斯政府会计财务报告等内容展开,通过对俄罗斯政府会计改革成果和经验分析,设计与中国现阶段政府改革相适应的政府会计制度改革路径,并就建立政府会计改革、预算管理和和政府治理的衔接机制提出政策建议。     

发展中俄木材贸易的思考

俄罗斯是我国第一大原木和锯材供应国。通过对中俄木材贸易发展现状的分析，研究中俄木材贸易中存在的问题，提出了我国政府和林业管理部门要坚持以圆内为主，国际为辅的资源获取战略定位，继续加强木材贸易过枉中的“认证”要求，加强两国政府和海关的沟通，为双边木材贸易提供合作环境，以促进中俄木材贸易的正常发展等建议。     

Russian Companies in the Forthcoming EU Member States

SUMMARY

If serious problems of business ethics plague and continue to plague the way business is conducted within Russia, the internationalization of Russian companies puts forward the problem of what business culture they bring along and what impact it may have on the recipient country. This article focuses on the case of Lukoil investments and operations in Bulgaria. It describes the main factors forming the contemporary Russian business culture and highlights the negative features that could be feared from the point of view of the country receiving Russian investments. Later the paper tries to analyze the operations of Lukoil in Bulgaria and investigate if there is reason to suspect a negative business culture spillover.