Musgrave’s vision of the public sector: the complex relationship between individual, society and state in public good theory

Richard Musgrave introduced the notion of a public good after reading an obscure publication by Lindahl in German in 1910. His great contribution to knowledge was to provide a clear and comprehensive structure for thinking about the process of achieving an “optimal” allocation of resources across public and private goods based individual preferences and the role of government in that process. A number of ambiguities and issues in Musgrave’s vision remain only partially resolved including the need to incorporate “higher laws” or community values into the allocation process.      

Wants and past knowledge: Growth cycles with emerging industries

This paper develops a theory of endogenous growth cycles focusing on the interaction between consumers' desire to satisfy an indefinite range of wants and firms' incentive to utilize knowledge from past production experiences. We show that firms endogenously form a number of distinguishable industries as accumulated knowledge induces them to agglomerate in the technology space. Knowledge accumulation in existing industries reduces production costs, but, as the diminishing returns from learning sets in, some firms start to adopt previously unexplored technologies so that their new goods fit consumers' unsatisfied wants and attract large demand. Thus, sporadic emergence of new industries generates growth cycles, where both the timing and the new technology to be adopted are endogenously determined. New industries based on new technology reduce the rate of per capita GDP growth in the initial phase, but nonetheless are indispensable for sustained economic growth in the long run.