日语语义扩展视角下的多义词语义结构分析

日语多义词中多种语义之间相互关联,分析这些相关联多义词的模式就要用到语义扩展。语义扩展中最多用到的就是比喻。通过分析多义的名词、形容词和动词中的隐喻、提喻和转喻,归纳这些词语的语义结构,探讨多义词语义扩展与以日语为母语者与生俱来的认知能力之间的关系。了解这些多义词的语义扩展结构对学习和掌握多义词的语义和用法有着重要的意义。     

Competitive selection, self-organisation and Joseph A. Schumpeter

Post-Schumpeterians have tended to use biological analogies to understand economic evolution, in contrast to Schumpeter himself. In this paper it is argued that the biological analogies used tend to be outdated and that Schumpeter espoused an intuitive understanding of the evolutionary economic process that is closely related to modern conceptions of self-organisation, suitably adapted for application in socioeconomic systems. Using a self-organisation approach, competition can be understood without recourse to biological analogy, in terms of general systemic principles that operate in the presence of variety. Viewing economic evolution in terms of complex adaptation in self-organising systems yields nonequilibrium and nonlinear perspectives that parallel Schumpeter's own intuitions, reinvigorating them as the basis of evolutionary economic thinking in the new Millennium.     

Enhancing mental models,analogical transfer,and performance in strategic decision making

Recent research suggests that managers often make strategic decisions in novel situations by utilizing past experiences to reason by analogy. However, there is substantial evidence that decision makers often fail to identify and apply knowledge about one situation to a similarly structured situation. Two experimental studies investigated the mechanisms impacting knowledge transfer from one managerial situation (the source) to an analogous situation. The results show that exposure to variation in the source situation improves transfer performance. Variation decreases performance in the short term but improves learning and increases analogical transfer. Higher performance on and systematic search of the source situation also increase transfer performance. These results yield important implications for enhancing analogical transfer in strategic decision making and for future research on reasoning by analogy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Creating a quantum design schema: Integrating extra-rational and rational learning processes

The traditional, linear, rational models of designing have over-simplified a complex process; unfortunately, this simplification misrepresents reality. Students need to become aware of the ambiguous nature of a complex process such as designing just as they need to be introduced to the ambiguous nature of living in a modern world. The challenge is to develop a design process to be used as a teaching/learning strategy that is non-linear, that integrates processes from the rational and extra-rational levels of the mind and which captures the ambiguous nature of the design process. Using the counter-intuitive behaviour that exists in quantum theory as an analogy seems best to describe the true nature of designing.Dr. Tom Puk is Coordinator of Continuing Teacher Education, Faculty of Education, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. He teaches in preservice, continuing education and graduate programs, and has conducted major research for Ontario Ministry of Education on Technology Education and Design Processes in 1991; this research was used to develop two provincial curriculum guidelines for all schools in Ontario. Email: tpuk@sky.LakeheadU.CA     

基于模糊相似优先比法的高校教学团队成员选择

一个稳定的高校教学团队既可以增加成员的凝聚力,也可以帮助团队成员多出教学成果,提高教学质量。但是如何选择合适的团队成员一直是高校教学团队构建过程中所面临的的一个难题。本文运用模糊相似优先比法对某个教学单位中成员进行识别,在此基础上选择适合于组建教学团队的成员。研究结果表明,该方法适合于团队工作成员的有效识别工作,为团队组建者的教学团队组建提供了一种有效的方法。     

论儒家譬式推理的经济逻辑价值

儒家譬式推理包括同类相推、异类取譬等形式,被广泛用于研究行为的策略性、创新性和价值性。儒家譬式推理方法及其特点符合现代经济活动对博弈逻辑、思维创新与生态和谐的需求,有助于提高创业者的决策水平和创新能力,具有重要的经济逻辑价值。     

云南镇康芦子园铅锌矿区矿坑涌水预测

芦子园铅锌矿是"西南三江成矿带"近年取得的重大突破的矿床之一[1],矿坑涌水量的预测准确与否直接影响整个矿山开采的安全生产,通过多年野外的水、工、环工作,针对该矿山的矿坑涌水量,利用水文地质比拟法—富水系数法和水动力法,给出了较精确的数据。保证矿山坑道开采的安全生产。     

Moving Forward: Developing Theoretical Contributions in Management Studies

How do we, as management researchers, develop novel theoretical contributions and, thereby, potentially break new ground in management studies? To address this question, we review previous methodological work on theorizing and advance a typology of the reasoning processes that underlie theoretical contributions and significant advances in management studies. This typology consists of various types of analogical and counterfactual reasoning, ranging from focused thought experiments aimed at prodding existing theory in the direction of alternative assumptions, constructs, and hypotheses to more expansive efforts for inducing new theoretical models and alternative explanations. Applying this typology, we detail the mechanisms behind the formation of novel theoretical contributions and illustrate the currency of our typology through a review of 24 major theoretical breakthroughs in management studies. We conclude the paper by discussing the implications of this typology for our collective efforts in building, elaborating, and expanding theory in management studies.     

旅游供应系统与求学供应系统的类比研究

目前在中国旅游学术界,旅游产品成了一个泛称,可分为核心性旅游产品、便利性旅游产品、支持性旅游产品和扩展性旅游产品四个层次。在全面感知服务质量理论的基础上,将旅游供应系统与求学供应系统进行类比研究,对旅游吸引物、旅游设施、旅游服务、目的地的旅游线路、旅游者的日程安排在何种意义上被认为是旅游产品进行了合理解释。     

Re-evaluating the Realist Conception of War as a Business Metaphor

The state of war is a popular metaphor employed by many business writers seeking to explain the imperatives of strategic decision-making. It is a metaphor which draws on a realist characterisation of war as a Hobbesian state of nature devoid of a moral dimension. However, the work of Walzer (1977) has demonstrated that rules of war, established over generations and across cultural divides, play a significant role in the conduct of warfare. Through identifying and analysing rules of war in parallel with ethical dilemmas in business life, such as whistleblowing, it is possible to develop a more sophisticated understanding of the war metaphor in place of simplified, state of nature realism. This alternative version of the war metaphor is a useful means of introducing students to Aristotlean virtues as well as challenging their preconceptions about the nature of business activity.