A play-the-winner-type urn design with reduced variability

We propose a new adaptive allocation rule, the drop-the-loser, that randomizes subjects in the course of a trial comparing treatments with dichotomous outcomes. The rule tends to assign more patients to better treatments with the same limiting proportion as the randomized play-the-winner rule. The new design has significantly less variable allocation proportion than the randomized play-the-winner rule. Decrease in variability translates into a gain in statistical power. For some values of success probabilities the drop-the-loser rule has a double advantage over conventional equal allocation in that it has better power and assigns more subjects to the better treatment. Acknowledgments. I thank Stephen Durham, the associate editor, and the referees for their helpful suggestions.     

论法国现代主义文学中的死亡主题

对死亡的思考，不仅是基督教文化的传统，而且是现代西方哲学各派，尤其是存在主义哲学所关注的问题。法国文学对死亡的探索是希望能够超越死亡，以实现生命的不朽，使人们漂泊无依的灵魂得到安置，使其在形而上的意义上获得永生。     

单位犯罪死刑立法探研

单位犯罪死刑立法是指单位犯罪中自然人的死刑立法。我国刑法中单位犯罪死刑立法涉及19个罪名，包含两种立法模式：同等原则与区别原则。文章认为应采取同等原则的立法模式，但不赞同单位犯罪中为自然人配置死刑。建议取消刑法中13个单位犯罪的死刑。     

榆林市某羊场舍饲陕北白绒山羊羔羊死亡原因研究

本文旨在研究榆林市某羊场舍饲陕北白绒山羊羔羊的死亡情况及死亡原因,为治疗和预防羊场疾病提供理论依据。本文主要采用实地考察和访谈方式,了解羊场的饲喂、管理、配种以及产羔情况,并对羊场的消毒防疫、发病症状、病理变化和羔羊死亡数量做了详细记录。经统计分析得出羔羊死亡主要原因:繁殖障碍,哺乳失常,管理不当,肺炎和痢疾等。其中肺炎占死亡总数的13.9%,痢疾占死亡总数的68.7%,繁殖障碍死亡占死亡总数的5.2%;哺乳不当弱胎饥饿占死亡总数的7.8%;管理不善及其他原因占死亡总数的3.5%。主要防治措施:以预防为主,治疗为辅,标本兼治,加强饲养管理,全群注射三联四防苗,使羔羊死亡情况得以控制。     

Becoming a tree when I will be dead? Why not! Generation X,Y and Z,and innovative green death practices

Within the theoretical field of ethical consumption, the study focuses on consumer behavior and innovative green death practices. While scarcely investigated in the marketing and consumer behavior research domains, at least four main reasons spur to consider the funeral industry as an interesting subject of enquiry: i) the sector boasts of a significant economic relevance; ii) it is extremely impactful from an environmental and social point of view; iii) it is witnessing interesting innovative processes in the direction of social and environmental sustainability; iv) consumer movements are rising all over the world asking for more sustainable death practices. Thus, adopting an augmented version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which includes individuals’ environmentally responsible consumption, and egoistic and altruistic environmental concern, the study investigates behavioral intention to adopt innovative green death practices (a green funeral) of people belonging to three different generations: X, Y, and Z. A purposive sample of 627 Italian people participated in an online the survey. Collected data were analyzed adopting an ordinal logit model. The results confirm the TPB predictive power also in the field of green funeral behavioral intention. Furthermore, environmentally responsible consumption and environmental concern – even though only in its altruistic component – positively influence behavioral intention, and generation exerts a moderating effect among the examined constructs. Overall, the research attempts to enrich the literature on ethical consumption by exploring the underinvestigated phenomenon of buying behavior of unsought and end-of-life products, that of green funerals, and provide managerial recommendations to funeral service sellers.     

“德主刑辅,礼法并用”刑法思想在我国的传承与发展

刑法思想是指导立法和司法的理论基础。司法效果是产生刑法思想的实践源泉。中华民族从封建王朝的"德主刑辅,礼法并用"刑法思想到新民主主义时期的"镇压与宽大相结合",再到新中国成立的"惩办与宽大相结合",直至近年来国家实行的"宽严相济以及控制和慎重适用死刑",它们既一脉相承,又发展创新。其宗旨在于注重教化挽救,打击极少数,争取大多数,减少社会对立面,增加和谐因素。以此为指导思想,则社会安定,经济繁荣;反之,重典治乱,虽救弊一时,但衰败亦促。     

内在的监狱:致死的娱乐——试评《娱乐至死》

电视把我们从理性思考的印刷术时代带到了全民娱乐不需怀疑的时代,在电视的所建构的完美"真"世界里,人们只注重感官愉悦,甘愿被娱乐奴役,不再反思,主动走进了娱乐构筑的监狱。     

中国大城市居民主要死因对死亡性别差异的影响

对 1 999年中国大城市居民分性别的死因分析发现 ,男女死因顺位略有不同。以第三次人口普查的年龄结构为标准 ,对分性别、分疾病的死亡率进行标准化后发现 ,对粗死亡率性别差异贡献最大的死因依次是恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒。进一步分析了肿瘤、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病中的几种疾病死亡率的性别差异     

Consuming dark tourism: A Thanatological Perspective

Despite increasing academic attention paid to dark tourism, understanding of the concept remains limited, particularly from a consumption perspective. That is, the literature focuses primarily on the supply of dark tourism; less attention, however, has been paid to the demand for ‘dark’ touristic experiences. This theoretical paper seeks to address this gap in the literature. Drawing upon the contemporary sociology of death, it explores the relationship between socio-cultural perspectives on mortality and the potential of dark tourism as a means of confronting death in modern societies. In so doing, it proposes a model of dark tourism consumption within a thanatological framework as a basis for further theoretical and empirical analysis of dark tourism.     

我国建国后死刑政策分析及建议

死刑的制定、实施乃至存废都与死刑政策密切相关。新中国成立后,我国死刑政策的发展大致经历了三个阶段。当今世界各国死刑政策已经或者逐步向着死刑当废的方向发展,在这一背景下,我国未来的死刑政策宜作相应调整。