在炼钢生产中如何降低石墨电极消耗

石墨电极消耗率是电炉炼钢生产的一个重要技术经济指标。近年来我厂1.5t电弧炉炼钢生产中,石墨电极消耗率呈现上升趋势。针对这一问题,我们实施现场攻关,发现电极折断消耗是石墨电极消耗大的主要原因。通过对电弧炉设备大修、改善炼钢环境、规范炉前操作行为,有效地解决了炼钢生产中电极折断消耗高的问题,使石墨电极消耗率从18.7kg/t降低到8.4kg/t,且取得了良好的技术效果和经济效益。     

挤扩支盘灌注桩技术及其应用研究

挤扩支盘灌注桩是最新的一种土建施工方法,为了能够很好地推广应用此方法,文章首先对分析了挤扩支盘灌注桩的结构模型和其形成机理,其次对其桩身的受力原理进行了详细分析,然后结合施工案例得出了挤扩支盘灌注桩在施工过程中的注意要点和挤扩支盘灌注桩的优点。     

Economic modeling for the US of the cost-efficiency and associated expanded treatment access of conversion to biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez from reference pegfilgrastim

Abstract

Aims: For this economic analysis, we aimed to model: (1) the cost-efficiency of prophylaxis with biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez for chemotherapy-induced (febrile) neutropenia (CIN/FN) compared to reference pegfilgrastim, and (2) the expanded access to CIN/FN prophylaxis and anti-neoplastic treatment that could be achieved with biosimilar cost-savings on a budget-neutral basis.

Methods: In a hypothetical panel of 20,000 cancer patients receiving CIN/FN prophylaxis and using the average sales price (ASP) for the second quarter of 2019 for reference pegfilgrastim, we: conducted an ex ante simulation from the payer perspective of the cost-savings of 10–100% conversion from reference to biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez using drug price discounting ranging from 10–35%; estimated the budget-neutral expanded access to biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez enabled by these cost-savings; and estimated the budget-neutral expanded access to anti-neoplastic treatment with pembrolizumab. The simulations were replicated using fourth quarter 2019 wholesale acquisition cost (WAC) for reference pegfilgrastim and biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez in a post facto analysis.

Results: In ASP simulations, cost-savings of using pegfilgrastim-bmez over reference pegfilgrastim in a 20,000 patient panel range from $1.3?M (at 15% price discount) to $3?M (35%) at 10% conversion rate and from $6.4?M to $14.9?M, respectively, at 50% conversion. These savings could provide prophylaxis with pegfilgrastim-bmez to an additional 352 (15% discount) to 1,076 patients (35%) at 10% conversion or 1,764–5,384, respectively, at 50% conversion. Alternatively, savings could be reallocated for anti-neoplastic treatment with pembrolizumab to 3 (15% discount) to 9 (35%) patients at 10% conversion or 19–45, respectively, at 50% conversion. When utilizing WAC, cost-savings range from $4.6?M (10% conversion) to $23.1?M (50%) which could provide pegfilgrastim-bmez to an additional 1,174 (10% conversion) to 5,873 patients (50%).

Conclusions: Prophylaxis with biosimilar pegfilgrastim-bmez increases the value of cancer care by generating significant cost-savings that could be reallocated to provide expanded access to CIN/FN prevention and anti-neoplastic therapy on a budget-neutral basis.     

基于断裂点理论的皖江城市吸引范围研究

掌握城市带之间的吸引范围,有利于空间经济相互地合理组织与城市的空间发展。应用空间相互作用理论,城市规模分布等方法,可以分析皖江城市带各城市的综合实力,确定各自的吸引范围,讨论对南京对皖江城市带吸引范围的影响,阐述吸引范围同行政区域的关联性和差异,并对不同区域下的城市发展策略选择提供相关的对策建议。     

A Cluster Analysis of Young Adult College Students' Beef Consumption Behavior Using the Constructs of a Proposed Modified Model of Planned Behavior

The theory of reasoned action (TRA) served as the theoretical framework for this study. This study focused on the development and analysis of a proposed modified model of planned behavior (MMpB) to investigate the beef consumption habits of young adult college students. The participants were a convenience self-selected sample of young adult college students from a major southeastern and southwestern university. A self-report survey was administered to (N = 914) students in classrooms at both universities. Using cluster and discriminant analysis three distinct cluster groupings were found based on the behavior construct.     

石墨的开发及其应用

石墨是一种重要的化学品,广泛用于各种科学和生活领域。本文主要讨论了石墨,膨胀石墨的特性,合成及其应用前景。     

钢锭模失效分析

为找出钢锭模的使用寿命低,多数钢锭模应用不久便发生裂纹而报废原因,本文随机统计分析了钢锭模实效的形态,采用宏观及金相分析方法,对各种实效的原因和机理进行了探讨。认为,对各种形状的小型钢锭模,采用片状石墨较为粗大的灰口铸铁,是其使用寿命低的主要原因。因此小型钢锭模的材质应选择球墨铸铁,并做相应的物理检验。     

火焰、石墨炉原子吸收法测定自来水中微量铁

用火焰原子吸收法和石墨炉原子吸收法对自来水中微量铁进行了比较测定,结果表明,两种方法测定铁的各项指标均在质量控制要求范围内,且各有优点。火焰原子吸收法线性范围宽,干扰少,操作简便,测定速度快;石墨炉原子吸收法取样少,灵敏度高,检出限低。     

石墨形态和数量对奥-贝球铁性能的影响

对于要求抗拉强度≥1200MPa;断后伸长率≥1%;吸收能量(无缺口试样)≥35J的奥-贝球铁,如果其球化率差于3级,球墨粗于6级且每平方毫米球墨少于180个,等温处理后的力学性能不易达到规范要求。     

山东省城镇居民消费结构变动分析

近几年随着城镇居民收入水平的不断提高,消费结构也发生了很大的变化。居民消费结构与经济发展有着密切的关系,研究居民消费结构能够更好的获悉在经济发展中存在的问题及发掘潜力。利用扩展线性支出系统方法,对近几年山东省城镇居民消费结构进行分析,特别是对边际消费倾向、需求收入弹性进行仔细的比较和分析。