The importance of consumer multihoming (joint purchases) for market performance: Mergers and entry in media markets

Consumer “multihoming” (watching two TV channels, or buying two news magazines) has surprisingly important effects on market equilibrium and performance in (two‐sided) media markets. We show this by introducing consumer multihoming and advertising finance into the classic circle model of product differentiation. When consumers multihome (attend more than one platform), media platforms can charge only incremental value prices to advertisers. Entry or merger leaves consumer prices unchanged under consumer multihoming, but leaves advertiser prices unchanged under single‐homing: Multihoming flips the side of the market on which platforms compete. In contrast to standard circle results, equilibrium product variety can be insufficient under multihoming.     

Testing Rival Theories of Budgetary Decision–making in the US States

This article tests three common budgetary decision–making theories in the US states. Pooled time series cross–section analysis is used from 1960 to 1996 to test the garbage can theory and incrementalism, and from 1989 to 1996 to test various theories of rational budgeting. The results demonstrate that there was some support for all three theories in terms of their impact on reducing state budget outputs. Rational budgeting reduces expenditures in aggregate, incrementalism has relatively low explanatory power below the aggregates, and garbage can budgeting is more prevalent in functional areas than for government as a whole. These findings imply that the future research agenda on budgetary decision–making theories should focus more on a system–wide approach, which takes into account many of the characteristics of all three rival models of decision–making, rather than exclusively focusing on each one singly.     

企业竞争策略中的成本效益分析方法

企业每一项经营决策都应该进行成本效益分析，市场竞争中可以根据本企业的成本曲线和需求曲线，预测出竞争策略实施后对内部成本和外部需求可能产生的影响，从而计算出某项决策的经济效果。     

论我国农村金融的增量改革

通过考察农村金融组织制度变迁的过程，发现每次变迁几乎都是在政府主导下进行的，其变迁结果却差强人意；而且，由于信用社、农业发展银行等几乎垄断了农村金融，其进行自我变革的内在动力不足，根据制度变迁理论并引入制度变迁的跨时期成本分析，应进行“增量改革”，即发展新的金融组织以对现有的金融机构施加外在压力，利用市场竞争促使其进行自我变革，满足农村金融需求以促进农村发展。     

基于特征增量的新类识别方法研究

在分类应用的过程中,经常会出现新的类别,导致数据分布发生显著变化,使得原分类模型不再适用。如何识别新的类别使分类模型能适应其出现已经成为一个亟需解决的问题。本文提出基于特征增量的SVDD(支持向量数据描述)新类识别方法。该方法在SVDD算法的基础上,通过增加新特征,扩大特征空间维度从而提高模型对于新类的识别能力。在多个数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法能有效识别新类,使更新后的模型具有更高的准确度。     

变频器内建PLC在上料机改造中的应用

结合青海百通公司的高炉情况,设计出了上料机改造方案。介绍了台达变频器在高炉卷扬调速系统中的应用情况,给出了电气原理图、注意事项和常见故障处理。实际应用的良好效果验证了该系统的稳定性和可靠性。     

稀释每股收益计算问题研究

潜在稀释性证券是指赋予持有者在报告期或以后期间享有普通股权利的一种金融工具或其他合同。在计算和列报"稀释每股收益"时,考虑潜在稀释性证券的影响,可以提供一个更可比、更有用的财务指标。但是不同的潜在稀释性证券存在着不同的稀释能力,本文将基于增量股每股收益法,提出对于评价潜在稀释性证券稀释能力的一些看法和思考。     

电渣重熔炉自动控制系统设计

电渣重熔的自耗电极电流大小取决于电极与渣池的距离,而该距离大小又取决于电极驱动电机的转速。只要实时测量电极的电流,对实测值和设定值进行比较,用增量式PID控制原理对电机转速进行控制,并摸索出合适的PID参数,即可获得稳定的电极电流。     

浅谈10kV配电线路无功补偿

配电线路无功补偿作为配电网络降损节能的一项措施,其容量的选择应以年经济效益最高为目标,即使网络总的有功损耗最小。     

An empirical investigation into the gravitation and convergence of industry return rates in OECD countries

Tests are offered for the hypotheses that sectoral average profit rates and incremental return rates are gravitating around or converging towards a common value. We study data for various OECD countries relying on an econometric method able to account for residual autocorrelation and cross‐sector correlation. Our null hypotheses receive only a mixed empirical support. This is interpreted as the result of various kinds of limitations to capital mobility. Policy implications are discussed.