Defining Capitalism

This article aims to incorporate the essential features of capitalism in an operational definition that identifies capitalism per se (pure laissez‐faire capitalism), and clearly excludes variations such as welfare capitalism and crony capitalism. By concisely highlighting the fundamental structures and mechanisms of capitalism, this essential definition facilitates defences of it that are more robust than those ordinarily offered. It also clarifies the relation between capitalism and phenomena with which it is frequently associated, and suggests a straightforward way of identifying and measuring the extent of capitalism in mixed economies.     

浅谈取保候审的现状及完善

取保候审是我国刑事诉讼法确立的五种强制措施之一,它在我国刑事强制措施体系中有着不可替代的优点和价值。但是在司法实践中,也暴露了取保候审的诸多弊端,取保候审的改革和完善是一项复杂的系统工程,要逐步扩大取保候审的适用范围,改变单一的取保候审担保方式,加强监督机制等。     

完善金融市场的自由秩序观

秩序和自由是人类的两个基本需求,二者是对立统一的。制度是形成自由秩序的机制。金融市场的完善就是金融自由和金融秩序的博弈发展过程,是形成金融自由秩序的过程。我国在完善金融市场过程中,面临先发挥自由还是先考虑秩序的两难问题。应该是二者同时发展,但是在不同的时期,根据矛盾主要方面的改变应有所调整。     

记美国历史上的奴隶逃亡

以美国历史上的奴隶制下的奴隶逃亡为线索，详尽地讨论了三个问题：奴隶不顾一切地选择逃亡的背景，奴隶为逃亡成功获得自由而所作的种种准备以及逃亡途中部分白人所给予这些逃奴的帮助。指出了逃亡奴隶在人口结构上所呈现出的特点。     

论财产权利的两面性

财产权利具有两面性,一方面它是反对专制特权、增进个人自由以及促进市场经济效率的有效手段;另一方面在没有任何制度制约的情况下,财产权利的垄断极易导致对劳动者权利的侵犯。因此,我们应当在社会公正和平等目标的指导下,通过增强政府、工会组织以及工人自身力量的权力制衡方法规范财产权利的作用方式,遏制其消极作用的发挥。     

Institutionalism,Critical Theory,and the Administered Society

Paul Krugman recently suggested that John Maynard Keynes helped economists study and resolve mass unemployment at a time when few of them could understand the problem and institutionalists seemed unable to articulate a clear policy strategy. This article responds by outlining John R. Commons' case for full employment with liberty and his three-part strategy (addressing money, people and politics) for curing joblessness while saving capitalism. Commons' argument and recommendations offer insights that extend beyond Keynesian economics in important ways, and his contributions have special relevance today in light of the recent global financial crisis and still ongoing Great Recession.     

技术进步、市场自由度与物流成本的关系

在单位根检验、最优滞后期选择、协整检验的基础上,建立向量误差修正模型,分析技术进步、市场自由度与物流成本三者之间的长期动态关系,并进行脉冲响应分析和方差分解。结果如下:从长期来看,技术进步有助于降低物流成本、提高市场自由度;市场自由度的提升可使物流成本增加,但市场自由度和物流成本的变化对技术进步的作用微弱;物流成本的增加在初期可提升市场自由度,在后期会阻碍市场自由度的提升。     

NGOS VS CIVIL SOCIETY: REFLECTIONS ON THE ILLIBERAL,THE ILLEGITIMATE AND THE UNACCOUNTABLE

This essay evaluates the nature of non‐governmental organisations and their relation to civil society, and examines appropriate criteria of legitimacy and accountability for NGOs. Unfortunately, many common understandings of NGOs embody fundamental confusions, and obscure the ways in which NGOs are inimical to individual liberty.     

财产权利、自由和平等

绝对财产权利只能保证形式自由。对于实质自由和平等目标的实现,绝对财产权利既没有存在的必要性,也不具备存在的道德合理性。因此,为了建立实现实质自由和平等的和谐社会,必须采取措施对绝对的财产权利加以限制。     

Does Milton Friedman Support a Vigorous Business Ethics?

This paper explores the level of obligation called for by Milton Friedman’s classic essay “The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase Profits.” Several scholars have argued that Friedman asserts that businesses have no or minimal social duties beyond compliance with the law. This paper argues that this reading of Friedman does not give adequate weight to some claims that he makes and to their logical extensions. Throughout his article, Friedman emphasizes the values of freedom, respect for law, and duty. The principle that a business professional should not infringe upon the liberty of other members of society can be used by business ethicists to ground a vigorous line of ethical analysis. Any practice, which has a negative externality that requires another party to take a significant loss without consent or compensation, can be seen as unethical. With Friedman’s framework, we can see how ethics can be seen as arising from the nature of business practice itself. Business involves an ethics in which we consider, work with, and respect strangers who are outside of traditional in-groups.