Effet des Evolutions Techniques et des Changements de la Spécialisation Internationale sur les Marchés du Travail et les Systèmes Productifs: Comment les Statisticiens Pourraient-ils Relever les Défis?

Thinking about future needs and about what can reasonably be expected as feasible in the next century, how should producers of statistics direct their activity? Increasing complexity and diversity of needs leads us to recognize that, between producers and users of statistics, a mediating role is more and more often played by analysts and research workers who are requesting above all good data bases. Concerning infrastructures for statistics on productive systems, coordination between accountants and statisticians will be crucial, as well as adaptation of the constraints which, because of excessive worry about confidentiality, could prevent establishment or use of data bases. In an increasingly competitive world, where private firms will sell analyses and informations, particularly on very large enterprises, the public statistical service will remain essential in all respects. Intangible investments, innovations and many aspects of the internal organization of firms will create formidable challenges. Information on employment and labour markets has been much developed during the past decades; but on a few specific and difficult issues progress is still needed: lifecyles in the working-age population, acquisition of knowledge and skills in formal education and on the job, matching labour supplies and demands, and so on. Particular attention will have to be given to the lower levels of cultural and professional skills.     

Stability and Segregation in Group Formation

This paper presents a model of group formation based on the assumption that individuals prefer to associate with people similar to them. It is shown that, in general, if the number of groups that can be formed is bounded, then a stable partition of the society into groups may not exist. (A partition is defined as stable if none of the individuals would prefer be in a different group than the one he is in.) However, if individuals' characteristics are one-dimensional, then a stable partition always exists. We give sufficient conditions for stable partitions to be segregating (in the sense that, for example, low-characteristic individuals are in one group and high-characteristic ones are in another) and Pareto efficient. In addition, we propose a dynamic model of individual myopic behavior describing the evolution of group formation to an eventual stable, segregating, and Pareto efficient partition. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, H41.     

Book production and the onset of modern economic growth

We provide a new data set on per capita book production as a proxy for advanced literacy skills, and assess this relative to other measures. While literacy proxies very basic skills, book production per capita is an indicator for more advanced capabilities. Growth theory suggests that human capital formation plays a significant role in creating the ‘wealth of nations.’ This study tests whether human capital formation has an impact on early-modern growth disparities. In contrast to some previous studies which denied the role of human capital as a crucial determinant of long-term growth, we confirm its importance.      

论地方涉台立法权的适度拓展——以平潭综合实验区为考察对象

平潭综合实验区的开发建设要求地方涉台立法作出积极的回应,适度拓展地方涉台立法权正是这种回应的基础性内涵。适度拓展地方涉台立法权,不仅是平潭综合实验区开放、开发建设的需要,也是应对海峡两岸关系发展的不确定性,促进海峡两岸和平发展的需要。现实中,拓展地方涉台立法权面临诸多障碍,但仍已具有法理、政策依据和精神支持,应当从扩大立法权源、拓展立法内容、丰富立法参与等方面拓展地方涉台立法权的空间。     

“校企合作、产学结合”人才培养模式的实践与探索——以南京化工职业技术学院为例

本文分析南京化工职业技术学院实施＂校企合作、产学结合＂的基础和保障,提出具有鲜明特色的＂1＋1＋1＂的分段式人才培养模式和＂T11＂的顶岗实习模式,在＂1＋1＋1＂分段式人才培养模式和＂T11＂顶岗实习模式基础上完成重构理论、实践课程体系构建。     

地方高校教师队伍结构问题探讨———基于 W 高校的个案研究

分析结果显示：Ｗ高校的教师队伍的学历结构基本合理,教师队伍形成了三级教学和科研梯队雏形,男性教师与女性教师在数量比例上基本一致。但与全国普通高校平均情况相比较,W高校的高职称、高学历教师比例较低,新进教师中女性教师偏多。说明教师队伍结构还需进一步优化,整体教师队伍素质有待提高。优化地方高校教师队伍结构,需要从教师队伍管理着手,定期分析教师队伍结构现状、树立“开放性”人才引进理念、精心设计招聘环节等。     

分税制后的中央转移支付有效率吗？——基于中央转移支付对地区间增长公平与效率的检验

本文以分税制改革后中国现实数据为基础分析了中央转移支付对地区间增长公平和效率的影响。研究表明,中央转移支付效果总体上与其目标似乎是相悖的,中央转移支付既没有实现地区间增长公平,也不具有效率。此外,国有企业对中央转移支付效率的“侵蚀效应”也间接降低了资本的效率;而且这种“侵蚀效应”在资本效率越高的地区愈加严重。我们的结果也验证了中央财政集权的二次分配与分权理论是冲突的。     

从用人单位英语需求角度看高职英语课程改革

通过分析用人单位对应聘者英语水平的要求情况,结合目前高职英语课程设置的状况,提出了高职英语课程改革的可行性建议。为使高职毕业生的英语水平达到用人单位的需求,应引入多元化英语测试体系,采用＂1＋X＂课程设置模式,积极推广职业英语。