跨局部属排空车走行系数测算方法探讨

在阐述跨局部属排空车走行系数定义的基础上,分析了合理测算跨局部属排空车走行公里对铁路局经济效益的影响,提出了跨局部属排空车走行系数测算方法和经济效果评价。     

集装箱物流中空箱调配不确定性优化模型及算法研究

在集装箱空箱调配的问题中,仅仅考虑各个办理站间的空箱冗余和需求情况是不够的,而调配的过程中必然会有其他进入办理站的箱流.只有将两者结合起来协调优化,才能得到合理的空箱组织策略.本文构造了集装箱空箱调配的优化模型,并对模型的求解算法进行研究,提出了基于遗传算法的求解方法.     

当代美国住宅的思考

美国2000年新建住宅投资4251亿美元，占固定资产投资的21．3％；住宅直接消费为9588亿美元，占GDP的9．71％；年存量住宅为1．16亿套(户)，空置率为5．9％。购买新房一般中值价为80美元／ft^2，一套住宅(2000ft^2)中值房价为16万美元；按中值计算贷款购房的支出与收入比为1：4．7；在美国仍有3500万户居民租用住宅。     

Patterns of poverty among elderly Americans: a latent class Markov model

This article studies poverty persistence and the role of social security programmes on poverty among elderly in the US. We use a Latent Markov model to disentangle unobserved heterogeneity and state dependence. Because of its dynamic nature, unobserved heterogeneity is modelled to vary over time. This allows to capture different latent states of poverty that change over time. Result indicates the existence of three unobserved types evolving over time according to their propensity to be poor. Moreover, a strong persistence in poverty especially for women, individuals living alone and ethnic minorities is found. Finally, the estimates indicate that giving social assistance tends to reduce poverty.     

I am who I am: Sharing photos on social media by older consumers and its influence on subjective well-being

We are faced with an aging population whose longer lives need to be lived well. Extant marketing scholarship has largely neglected older consumers' behavior in relation to the social media realm and its influence on well-being. This two-stage qualitative study investigates subjective well-being, exploring whether and how sharing photos on social media increases the dimensions of self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. The findings indicate that photo-sharing is a powerful behavior in augmenting older consumers' well-being as it enables individual self-reflection, self-representation and transforms the individual experience into a collective one. Contributions include, that photo-sharing acts as a bridge in creating, reinforcing but also breaking bonds among older consumers, also a tension exists between the desire for autonomy and the need for relationships with others, and finally that the digital self is a component of subjective well-being in older consumers.     

Clothing as an environment for older adults' successful ageing

This research tested a conceptual model for proximity of clothing to self (PCS) in relation to age identity, self‐actualization, psychological well‐being, self‐assessed health, sex and chronological age among older adults, aged 65 and over, within the human ecological perspective. A mail survey was sent to a national random sample of 1700 older adults in the US resulting in 195 usable respondents in the final sample. The respondents returned two completed questionnaires, which were (1) Clothing: A Resource for Successful Aging? (to measure PCS, age identity and demographic variables) and (2) Personal Orientation Inventory (to measure self‐actualization). The results indicated that older adults' psychological well‐being, one component of successful ageing, was directly affected by their self‐assessed health, age identity and self‐actualization. PCS indirectly influenced individuals' psychological well‐being in a slightly negative way in later life. In sum, clothing may be used as a needs satisfier for different levels of needs or related more closely with needs in addition to self‐actualization needs for older adults. Further research should be conducted to explore relationships among PCS, different levels of human needs, clothing‐related variables and psychological well‐being for this age group. In practice, the effort should be given to teach the use of clothing (or other human‐built objects) as a tool or need satisfier to contribute to success in a person's later life by offering some educational or training programmes through local senior community centres or universities.     

MRP库存管理在冷藏箱调运中的应用

文中对MRP(Material Resources Planning)的原理进行了说明,结合某班轮公司的实际冷藏箱设备调运的流程,阐述MRP在调运冷藏箱中的运用,尽可能的降低库存,提高冷藏箱设备的周转率。     

我国基本养老保险个人账户“空账”问题及对策研究

我国基本养老保险个人账户制度是基于传统的现收现付制的养老保险制度面临不可持续发展的财务困境的背景下发展起来的。本文通过对养老保险改革的研究,归纳总结了引起养老保险个人账户"空账"问题的原因,并针对这些原因,提出了具体的应对措施,希望能为改善我国的养老金个人账户"空账"问题改革事业做出一丝贡献。     

我国城镇职工基本养老保险制度研究综述

通过总结我国城镇职工基本养老保险制度发展历程的基础,可知当前该制度仍存在诸如国家对企业职工养老金的巨额隐性负债如何偿还,如何解决养老保险个人账户"空账"问题,养老保险基金如何实现保值增值的问题以及机关事业单位养老保险制度改革滞后,企业退休职工与机关事业单位退休职工养老金待遇差距较大等问题.由此,必须面对新的社会经济制度,建立"多层次、多支柱"的养老保障体系,这不仅是政府的选择,而且也是个人必然和必要的选择.     

Do the physical facilities in restaurants match older Americans’ preferences?

This study investigated restaurants’ response to the aging population’s preferences. Gaps between previously identified preferences and current restaurant design were examined. The observational survey assessed: parking and outside accessibility, comfort and inside accessibility, menu readability, and restrooms. Occasional gaps were found even though restaurants were generally well-designed. Casual dining restaurants were more likely to meet consumer preferences as to the exterior, seating, and service. Limited-service restaurants better met preferences for the bathrooms, lighting, and sound. This information may be helpful when building or remodeling restaurants and may help restaurants to attract older customers.