Analysis and Forecast of the State of Environmental Protection in Russia

The main purpose of the present study is to analyse the emission dynamics of atmospheric and water pollutants in Russia and cost of their removal in the 1980s and early 1990s, and to forecast them by means of a Dynamic Input–Output Model according to different scenarios of future economic development till 1998. Main results of the work are:– methodological principles have been elaborated for singling out the environmental protection sector within the national economy;– a method has been offered for including the ecological block into a Dynamic Input–Output Model of the Russian economy;– a method of data preparation has been elaborated for the ecological block of the above-named model, the data base which characterizes the ecological situation in Russia has been formed and analysed;– calculations for 1994–1998 have been executed for forecasting the economic and ecological development of Russia using the above-mentioned model and the results obtained have been analysed. The results showed that if the existing tendencies towards low environmental protection capital costs remain the same, then the negative environmental impact will increase. In order to implement ecological programs and international agreements, to increase the proportion of removed pollutants, it is necessary to increase substantially expenditures on purifying water and air resources. The proportion of environmental protection investments in the total amount of the national economy capital costs should increase by up to 12–40% according to different scenarios of the economic development and different purposes of the environmental protection policy.     

Preference purification and the inner rational agent: a critique of the conventional wisdom of behavioural welfare economics

Neoclassical economics assumes that individuals have stable and context-independent preferences, and uses preference satisfaction as a normative criterion. By calling this assumption into question, behavioural findings cause fundamental problems for normative economics. A common response to these problems is to treat deviations from conventional rational choice theory as mistakes, and to try to reconstruct the preferences that individuals would have acted on, had they reasoned correctly. We argue that this preference purification approach implicitly uses a dualistic model of the human being, in which an inner rational agent is trapped in an outer psychological shell. This model is psychologically and philosophically problematic.     

温州市区及瑞安市区校园直饮水净化系统处理前后水质分析及风险监测

经对温州地区40所中小学校园自来水及净化后的水质进行检测分析,该地区自来水基本符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2006)要求,但50%以上学校净水器净化后的水中菌落总数反而超标,净水器微生物产生了二次污染。另外,金属元素、无机非金属、感光性状及物理性状等项目净水器影响不是很大。     

牛胎盘中免疫调节因子的提取过程研究

采用盐析、膜技术及冷冻干燥等手段从牛胎盘中分离提纯了免疫调节因子,并通过大鼠实验验证了提取物的生物活性,效果显著。最佳工艺条件:盐析温度为0℃,pH值为5,转速为6 000r/min,冷冻干燥时间为24 h。在此条件下免疫调节因子提取率为0.673%。     

河南天冠燃料乙醇有限公司日处理1400 t玉米提胚车间设计

玉米经破渣后,经过初步分级将含胚玉米渣分离出来,经提胚、压胚、筛选等工序,将玉米胚芽提取出来,玉米胚芽再经精选可以得到较为纯净的胚芽,用于榨油或者其他用途.     

李楼铁矿对井下疏干水的处理及利用

介绍了李楼铁矿将井下疏干水加PAC絮凝剂反应后,经过过滤、杀菌等净化处理后,输送至生活水管网供职工生活使用。实际运行结果表明:系统出水水质达到《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749-2006),解决了矿区生活水紧张的问题。     

花生红衣原花青素纯化工艺研究

为探究花生红衣中原花青素的纯化条件,本研究通过静态吸附和解吸试验对8种型号大孔树脂进行选择,再经动态吸附和解吸试验得出最优纯化条件。结果表明,大孔树脂最佳型号为D4020,得出最佳纯化条件为:上样流速1 mL·min^-1,上样浓度1.5 mg·mL^-1,洗脱液为40%乙醇,洗脱流速1 mL·min^-1,最终所得纯化物纯度达97.35%±1.58%。     

AB-8大孔树脂对芫荽黄酮的纯化工艺研究

利用AB-8大孔树脂纯化芫荽黄酮,通过静态和动态结合的方法,确定最佳工艺参数．结果表明,静态,吸附平衡时间为3 h,解析平衡时间为1．5 h;动态,上样液质量浓度为1．0 mg/mL,上样液pH值为6．0,上样流速为2 mL/min,洗脱剂质量浓度为70％乙醇溶液,洗脱流速为2 mL/min．在此条件下,AB-8大孔树脂可以较好的分离纯化芫荽中总黄酮．     

多传感器长途客车智能新风系统设计研究

本研究设计了一种结合二氧化碳传感器、PM2.5粉尘传感器、TVOC传感器来实现智能更新长途客车封闭空间内污浊空气的长途客车车载新风系统。本系统由各项传感器实时采集车厢内CO2、PM2.5、TVOC等数据上传至单片机,单片机判断各项数据是否超过设定阈值,若超过设定阈值,新风系统自动工作改变进、排风量;反之,新风系统不工作,实现智能控制。实验证明,本系统具有明显地改善长途客车内空气质量的效果,能够更好地保护人体健康。     

一种基于纠缠交换的远程量子链路建立策略

提出一种以纠缠交换作为核心技术的远程量子链路建立策略,建立了基于链路状态矩阵的量子链路模型并分析了纠缠交换的实现和矩阵表示。提出了链路协议栈以及端到端的建立策略,分析了矩阵控制下的纠缠交换和纠缠纯化流程,计算得出了在基于自动重传请求(ARQ)协议经典信息辅助下的链路时延和吞吐量与节点数、误帧率、平均距离、操作成功率之间的定量关系。仿真结果表明：处于同一状态区间内的链路性能随节点数呈现出较为一致和平缓的变化;不同区间内的链路性能差异较为显著,在节点平均距离为1 km、经典信息误帧率为0、纠缠保真度为0.98的情况下,当节点数分别为32、33和34时,链路时延分别为1.0770 ms、1.0903 ms和1.6690 ms,链路吞吐量分别为0.9285 kb/s、0.9172 kb/s和0.5992 kb/s。