Working-time reduction and employment: experiences in Europe and economic policy recommendations

The paper seeks to evaluate the evidence on the employment effectsof the collective working-time reductions in Europe over thepast 20 years. While theoretical analyses produce contradictoryassessments, most empirical studies show positive employmenteffects but take insufficient account of these conditions underwhich the reductions in working time were implemented. Theseconditions for the success of collective working-time reductionsinclude an active training policy designed to minimise skillshortages in the labour market, the modernisation of work organisation,wage increases in conjunction with productivity gains and amore equal income distribution.     

“气”和“势”的时空化过程——《姜斋诗话》论诗的形象构建

传统诗论探讨诗歌的形象问题,总和某种特定的哲学形态和思想观念密切相连,其构建过程则以营造一种时空间感的方式实现。船山论诗,以此为据而又有所突破。其中,＂气＂是形象在诗中时空化的本体依据,＂势＂是形象时空化的外在特征。如此,于内,是求诗中意之神、理、气的合一;于外,便是求诗之外在空间形态和艺术张力,在＂敛＂与＂纵＂、＂藏＂与＂显＂之间,建构了富于张力的意义空间。     

The economics of food aid under subsistence farming with an application to Malawi

We investigate how food-aid affects price and production of staple food, with a partial equilibrium model with non-separable production and consumption. The model captures the key characteristics of sub-Saharan Africa subsistence economies. Simulations generate negative but also positive food-aid elasticities of production. Conditions are identified which mitigate the negative impact and support a positive impact. The share of domestic food production in total staple food demand (+) and the share of income from staple food production in total household income (−) are key determinants. Price and production equations, estimated with a panel of district data of the Malawi maize market for the period 1999–2010, show a small positive impact of food-aid. Large negative impacts of food-aid are not likely given production and income shares and behavioural responses.     

Continuous time vs. backward induction a new approach to modelling reputation in the finite time horizon context

This paper suggests a new approach to modeling credible reputation in the finite time horizon context, using continuous time and interactions which arrive via a Poisson process. Behavior in the present model does not depend on small ad hoc irrationalities as the end of the horizon nears, and the model preserves the intuitive result that as the end of the horizon nears, the level of reputation declines towards zero. While the current paper considers the predatory pricing case, the approach should also apply whenever reputation and/or cooperation are important.     

Use of minimum risk approach in the estimation of regression models with missing observations

This article considers a linear regression model with some missing observations on the response variable and presents two estimators of regression coefficients employing the approach of minimum risk estimation. Small disturbance asymptotic properties of these estimators along with the traditional unbiased estimator are analyzed and conditions, that are easy to check in practice, for the superiority of one estimator over the other are derived. Received May 2001     

基于缩短响应时间的供应链管理系统的实现

系统地研究了基于缩短响应时间的供应链管理模式,提出了四个订单流驱动的控制原理。以缩短供应链响应时间为目标,提出了基于Web的供应链管理系统解决方案。并实现了供应链管理系统的系统管理、客户关系管理、电子购销管理、合同管理、订单管理、仓储管理、运输管理和配送管理功能,该软件系统能够提高管理人员供应链管理的智能化决策水平。     

基层电力生产企业安全文化建设初探

文章阐述了基层电力生产企业建设企业安全文化的重要性,并从过程教育、责任制、措施标准化、应怠处置等方面对其进行了探讨。