A New Internet Driven Internationalisation Framework

This paper aims to offer a new Internet driven theoretical framework that explains how a successful internationalisation process may be developed and identifies the strategic dimensions that influence the key decisions in an interrelated, performance-associated way. The extant literature is examined in international marketing, international entrepreneurship and Internet marketing and a comprehensive strategic analysis is conducted of a successful individual services business: ING Direct. It is shown how strategic constructs and risk constructs drive the internationalisation process in an interrelated and performance-associated way. In the framework, the firm's target is to take advantage of an opportunity by obtaining a sustainable competitive advantage while attenuating international risk. Entry mode and country selection are strategic decisions interrelated mutually and with other strategic choices and with performance; this is why an analysis with ceteris paribus statements or episodic analysis may lead to the wrong conclusions.     

浅析混凝土工程质量通病的产生及防治

文章根据笔者的施工实践和总结，较为全面地阐述了在混凝土工程施工中常见的一些质量通病和缺陷，分析了这些质量通病产生的主要原因，并相应提出了一些具有可操作性的预防措施和在施工中应着重控制的环节。另外，还简要介绍了一些缺陷的弥补方法，可供同行参考。     

浅析混凝土工程质量通病的产生及防治

文章根据笔者的施工实践和总结,较为全面地阐述了在混凝土工程施工中常见的一些质量通病和缺陷,分析了这些质量通痛产生的主要原因,并相应提出了一些具有可操作性的预防措施和在施工中应着重控制的环节。另外,还简要介绍了一些缺陷的弥补方法,可供同行参考。     

The NHS Plan: Accounting for investment and reform in twenty acute hospital trusts in England (1998–2003)

The National Health Service (NHS) Plan published in 2000 summarised Labour's commitment to modernising the NHS in England. The NHS would receive substantial additional funding bringing expenditure on health, as a share in national income, to levels comparable with a European average. The promise of secure financing from government promised to reduce uncertainty and facilitate medium term resource planning in the NHS. Extra funding, as outlined in the NHS Plan, would also be tied into capital and labour process reform(s) to ensure that investment translated into the much needed additional capacity to treat patients. During the period 1998–2003 funding for an average acute hospital has increased 50% in cash terms satisfying expectations set out in the NHS Plan. It is now an appropriate time to review progress. Using information collected for 20 acute hospitals, selected on the basis that they had started and completed PFI projects in the period 1998–2003. This paper constructs a physical and financial audit which is then used to reveal the degree to which acute hospital finances are now secure and the extent to which physical capacity to treat patients has been robustly transformed.     

危险化学品仓库尾气治理方案及装置的研究

设计并介绍了一种针对危险化学品仓库尾气的治理装置及方案,采用吸附-催化燃烧组合工艺,弥补了两种工艺各自的缺陷,又在尾端设置一热转化器,有效地利用了余热,节约了能源的消耗。     

Number needed to treat based on real-world evidence for non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation

Aims: Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are used to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). This paper aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of NOACs when compared to VKAs by calculating the number needed to treat (NNT) at 2 years using incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) derived from a meta-analysis of studies conducted in real-world settings.

Materials and methods: HRs were sourced from a published systematic literature review and a meta-analysis of real-world evidence on the use of NOACs vs VKAs. Rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban vs VKAs were investigated. The efficacy outcomes included: a composite of ischaemic stroke and systemic embolism (IS/SE), ischaemic stroke (IS), and all-cause mortality. The safety analysis assessed major bleeding and intracranial haemorrhage (ICH).

Results: Superiority of NOACs vs VKAs was observed in 10/15 comparisons. Treating patients with rivaroxaban and dabigatran was associated with a reduced risk of IS and all-cause mortality compared to VKAs, with one death prevented every 22 and 32 patients, respectively, and one IS prevented every 206 and 166 patients, respectively. Rivaroxaban was significantly associated with a reduced risk of IS/SE compared to VKA (NNT: 107). No significant differences were observed between apixaban and VKAs. Dabigatran and apixaban were associated with a reduced risk of major bleeding compared to VKA (NNT: 59 and 38, respectively). No significant difference was observed between rivaroxaban and VKAs regarding major bleeding. Rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban were significantly associated with a reduced risk of ICH (NNT: 205, 115, and 108, respectively).

Limitations: Heterogeneity in definitions of major bleeding across studies.

Conclusions: The NNT calculation, when approached and interpreted properly, is a practical measure of the effectiveness of a treatment. The calculation based on HRs showed that NOACs are safe and effective alternatives to VKAs in real life.     

政治和谐与善待不同意见

建设社会主义和谐社会应当包括社会的政治和谐,“不同的音调遣成最美的和谐”,“百花齐放,百家争鸣”,要保持政治和谐需要执政党善待不同意见．不同意见有多种类型：同志问的不同意见;朋友问的不同意见;敌人和政治上别有用心的人的不同意见．善待不同意见,就是执政党在听到不同意见时,先把它当成是“朋友间的不同意见”,认真听取,仔细分析,取其精华,弃其糟粕,言者无罪,闻者足戒．这是政治领域的“无罪推定”．它有利于社会主义政治文明建设．无产阶级政党善待不同意见有充分的理论依据．     

阿昔洛韦和聚肌胞联合应用治疗面部扁平疣4例报告

扁平疣是由人类乳头瘤病毒感染所致的皮肤病,好发于青少年,亦称青年扁平２疣,作者使用外涂阿昔洛韦软膏和聚肌胞联合应用治疗面部扁平疣４例,取得满意的效果,现作一报告。     

Cost per additional responder for ixekizumab and other FDA-approved biologics in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis

Background: Evidence of the cost-efficacy of ixekizumab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (PsO) in the US is limited.

Objective: To estimate the number needed to treat (NNT) and monthly cost of achieving one additional Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75, 90, and 100 responder for ixekizumab and other Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved biologics in PsO.

Methods: A network meta-analysis estimated the probability of achieving PASI 75, 90, or 100 response during induction for each biologic. NNTs were calculated using response difference of each respective biologic vs placebo at the end of induction. Monthly costs per additional PASI responder were based on FDA-approved doses, wholesale acquisition costs, and induction NNTs.

Results: Induction NNTs for ixekizumab 80?mg once every 2 weeks (Q2W) relative to placebo were consistently lower across all levels of clearance compared with the other biologics. Monthly cost per additional responder was lowest for ustekinumab 45?mg at PASI 75 and for secukinumab 300?mg and ixekizumab 80?mg Q2W at PASI 90. Ixekizumab 80?mg Q2W had the lowest cost for PASI 100.

Conclusion: In this analysis, ixekizumab is the most cost-efficient biologic in the US when targeting complete resolution, as measured by PASI 100 in PsO.     

高速公路隧道塌方现状及处治方法的研究

公路隧道建设过程中还存在诸多技术问题,塌方、岩爆、大变形等事故可以说屡见不鲜。文中探讨了塌方产生的原因及处治方法。