Token entrepreneurs: a review of gender,capital, and context in technology entrepreneurship

ABSTRACT

This article reviews the literature on gender and entrepreneurship in technology to explore individual and contextual factors maintaining the token status of women in this field. It examines how the intersection of gender and context influences participation rates in entrepreneurship, and suggests that the deeply embedded cultural and cognitive associations that frame both technology and entrepreneurship as masculine concepts create barriers for women when these contexts overlap. It offers a framework for research and practice that aids in the analysis of complex multi-level barriers that control access to the forms of capital necessary for initial and continued participation in technology entrepreneurship. Given calls for women to participate more fully in high-growth technology ventures, it highlights the need for research to incorporate broader analytical perspectives that simultaneously examine both the barriers faced by women in these contexts and the factors that systemically sustain them.     

Why managers divest—Evidence from New Zealand's largest companies

Chief Executives from New Zealand's largest companies were surveyed to distinguish divesting and nondivesting companies, and to identify the relative importance of the factors and motives which led to the divestment of 208 business units in the period 1985 through 1990. The divesting companies were considerably larger and faster growing than nondivestors. The typical divestment was motivated by the need to convert unattractive assets into liquid form which could then be held to strengthen the balance sheet, or reinvested in either the core business or new areas.     

文化学研究视角下的唐代小说集《纪闻》

研究唐代小说的视角众多，从文化学角度将小说和时代文化结合起来是其中一种。唐前期小说集《纪闻》中蕴涵着丰富的文化信息。通过阅读《纪闻》小说文本，进一步探讨作品中所反映出的唐代宗教及民间信仰、女性生存状况、中外交流情况等。     

基于模糊综合评价的职业经理人力资本价值评估模型

文章在分析我国职业经理人力资本价值评估研究现状的基础上,以职业经理激励约束为导向,建立了职业经理综合素质测评体系,构建了职业经理人力资本价值评估模型,最后结合实例验证了模型的有效性。     

宋代妇女奁产权的探讨

奁产,作为女子出嫁时娘家陪嫁的财产,在普遍受到妇女自身重视的同时,国家也制定了相应的法律条文来保障妇女对自己奁产的所有权。宋代是中国古代经济的一个重要发展阶段,经济的繁荣成为社会文明的基础,妇女也具备一定的权利主体资格,享有一定的法律地位。该文主要从宋代的法律文献入手,着重分析宋代妇女的奁产权及其不完整性,以探讨宋代妇女的经济权利及地位。     

Consistency of UK Pension Fund Investment Performance

Transition matrix techniques are used to relate the past and present performance of pension fund portfolios. In particular, funds are ranked to study the tendency of portfolios to remain in the same quartile of the ranking as they were in the previous period. For raw returns, funds in both of the top quartiles are found to be more likely to remain in the same quartile than would be expected by chance. This result can be taken as limited evidence for the consistency of performance. Similar systemic effects are observed on a risk-adjusted basis. There appears to be clear evidence that some fund managers can offer a degree of consistent good performance.     

Effects of demographic,experiential, and attitudinal factors on occupational sex stereotypes

The purpose of this study was to (a) compare the occupational sex stereotypes of 366 college students with those reported by Shinar in 1975, and (b) examine the relationships between demographic, experiential, and attitudinal variables and these occupational sex stereotypes. The results indicated a significant difference in occupational ratings from Shinar's study, with females' perceptions shifting more than males' perceptions. In addition, subjects' gender, tenure with female managers, and attitudes toward women as managers, were shown to be significant predictors of occuptational ratings. The implications of these findings for both employees and managers are then discussed.     

我国饭店管理者角色转换的理论分析与实施途径

从新世纪新形势下我国饭店管理者角色转换的背景分析入手，从管理学理论上阐述了管理者的角色定位，并探讨了我国饭店管理者的角色定位，在此基础之上，提出了我国饭店管理者角色转化中应该处理好的几种关系与实施途径。     

中年胖体女西服结构设计研究

以中年胖体女性为研究对象,分析其形体特征及女西服结构设计中存在的弊病,提出解决弊病的方法,同时对胖体女西服纸样结构参数及制图方法进行调整和改进,得出的结论可为特体女西服纸样设计提供指导。     

国企经营者收入分配的激励和约束机制探讨

借鉴国外企业经营者(企业家)的激励措施的成功经验,结合我国国有企业的实际状况,建立国有企业经 营者收入分配激励和约束机制,应通过劳动报酬、绩效股的报偿、风险报酬、职务“工龄”工资四个方面合理的组合来 实现。