低压供电线路电压损耗的简便校验

为了确保低压供电线路的供电质量,本文就低压配电线路未端,包括地埋、架空户内干线、支线的电压校验问题,提供简单易行的估算方法,对低压供电线路电压质量的校验通过简单四则运算,判别电压质量是否符合要求.     

对股权分置改革对价问题的理论分析

解决股权分置问题，让非流通股变为可以流通的股份，必然存在非流通股股东为换得流通权而向流通股股东支付对价的问题。为协调流通股股东和非流通股股东两者的利益，非流通股股东必须支付一定的对价，作为取得流通权的成本。对价的高低不仅直接影响授资者的利益，而且是股权分置改革成败的关键。对价方式多样化为授资者提供了更多的市场机会。     

Earnings Quality under Rules‐ versus Principles‐based Accounting Standards: A Test of the Skinner Hypothesis / LA QUALITÉ DES RÉSULTATS SELON QUE LES NORMES COMPTABLES SONT AXÉES SUR LES RÈGLES OU SUR LES PRINCIPES: VÉRIFICATION DE L'HYPOTHÈSE DE SKINNER*

We provide preliminary evidence, consistent with Skinner (1995), that Canada's relatively principles‐based GAAP yield higher accrual quality than the United States' relatively rules‐based GAAP. These results stem from a comparison of the Dechow‐Dichev (2002) measure of accrual quality for cross‐listed Canadian firms reporting under both Canadian and U.S. GAAP. However, we document lower accrual quality for Canadian firms reporting under U.S. GAAP than for U.S. firms, which are subject to stronger U.S. oversight, reporting under U.S. GAAP. The latter results suggest that stronger U.S. oversight compensates for inferior accrual quality associated with rules‐based GAAP. Consistent with the positive effect of Canada's principles‐based GAAP and the offsetting negative effect of Canada's weaker oversight, we find no overall difference in accrual quality between Canadian firms reporting under Canadian GAAP and U.S. firms reporting under U.S. GAAP. Our results imply that (1) policymakers who wish to compare the effectiveness of oversight across jurisdictions must control for the GAAP effect; and (2) accounting standard‐setters who wish to compare the effectiveness of principles‐ versus rules‐based GAAP must control for oversight strength.     

Setting consolidated reporting standards for local government

Under a corporatization trend, traditional financial reporting is generally considered unable to offer a complete view of the economic and financial activities of a group of public entities. Consequently, several reforms and standards have been introduced related to consolidated financial reports. Through interviews with key actors, the authors analysed the normativity process for issuing consolidated reporting standards for local governments in three European countries: Italy, Spain, and Sweden.     

Futures and futures options with basis risk: theoretical and empirical perspectives

Under a no-arbitrage assumption, the futures price converges to the spot price at the maturity of the futures contract, where the basis equals zero. Assuming that the basis process follows a modified Brownian bridge process with a zero basis at maturity, we derive the closed-form solutions of futures and futures options with the basis risk under the stochastic interest rate. We make a comparison of the Black model under a stochastic interest rate and our model in an empirical test using the daily data of S&P 500 futures call options. The overall mean errors in terms of index points and percentage are ?4.771 and ?27.83%, respectively, for the Black model and 0.757 and 1.30%, respectively, for our model. This evidence supports the occurrence of basis risk in S&P 500 futures call options.     

Earnings management and accrual anomaly across market states and business cycles

This paper examines if the conditioning on market states is important to earnings management behaviors and profitability of accrual hedge strategy. This paper discusses four findings. First, accrual profits are consistently positive across both market states and significantly higher in DOWN markets. Second, while earnings management exists in both market states, the management effort is less effective and short-lived in the DOWN state. Third, this paper finds that the accrual effect exists but varies across industries. Finally, this paper examines how business cycles associate with accrual anomaly and show that accruals mispricing cannot be fully captured by macroeconomic model predicted returns.     

浅议《机械设计基础》教学体会

根据《机械设计基础》课程的特点,结合近机械类专业教学的实际情况,从提高学生学习兴趣以及提高课堂教学效果的角度出发,介绍了几点教学体会,使课堂教学过程和课程设计环节相结合,提高教师的工程实践素质和科研教研水平等。     

源于比较优势的贸易所得:来自中国的证据

本文根据新古典贸易模型中的贸易所得的理论定义,对测算源于比较优势的贸易所得的基本方法及其理论基础进行了回顾和分析,在此基础上利用进出口额的现值与贸易所得的估算值之间的格兰杰逻辑关系,对中国源于比较优势的贸易所得进行了测算。本文的测算结果表明,中国源于比较优势的贸易所得的最大估算值约为GDP的5%。从比较的角度考察,这一结论的政策含义是,主要依赖劳动力资源或不可再生自然资源比较优势的贸易模式已不具备可持续发展性,建立基于动态比较优势的对外贸易战略应成为包括中国在内的发展中国家的贸易政策选择。     

外商投资房地产行业新政的法律解读

我国为遏制外资投资房地产市场的过热发展,陆续出台了一系列限制外资进入中国大陆房地产市场的新政策措施。其中,包括限制境外公司和机构直接在华购买房地产。这些"新政"在实施过程中起到了遏制房地产市场过快发展的作用。但是,在物权法等相关法律法规相继出台的背景下,我们也应从国家基本立法层面研究"新政"的法律基础和法律依据,以期在今后制订类似政策措施时保持政策的一致性和合法性。     

谈在教学中对大学生环境意识的培养

在＂思想道德修养与法律基础＂课教学中,要加强对大学生环境意识的培养,这是科学发展观的要求,也为本课的教学改革起到了积极的作用。