Alienation and anxiety in tourism motivation

Although underexplored in tourism studies, recent work suggests theories of alienation, as the dialectic of authenticity, have much to contribute to our understanding of tourism motivation. This paper uses three major theoretical tropes (Marxism, existentialism, and Lacanian psychoanalysis) to examine the role of alienation in the motivations of hiking and rock climbing tourists. In particular, these tourists describe only temporary and retrospective relief from anxiety, articulating authenticity as an elusive experience that lies at the horizon, in the next adventure, or in the past as a memory. Alienation is an ever-present component of the human condition, and as such, anxiety is omnipresent in our lives, contributing significantly to touristic desires for escape, rejuvenation, and existential experiences.     

Do job insecurity,anxiety and depression caused by the COVID-19 pandemic influence hotel employees’ self-rated task performance? The moderating role of employee resilience

The COVID-19 health disaster has had a dramatic impact on the global hospitality industry, affecting millions of people. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of job insecurity on hotel employees’ anxiety and depression, and whether these psychological strains could influence employees’ self-rated task performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also examine the moderating role of hotel employees’ resilience in this context.The hypotheses were examined by collecting data from 353 hotel employees currently working in the Canary Islands (Spain). The results highlight the significant effects of job insecurity on employees’ anxiety and depression levels. However, hotel employees’ task performance was not affected by their job insecurity or by their anxiety and depression. In addition, employees’ resilience has a moderating effect as it reduces the negative influence of job insecurity on depression. Finally, the discussion section sets out various theoretical and practical implications of the findings.     

领导愤怒表达如何影响员工创新过程投入——一个被调节的链式中介模型

基于EASI模型,结合情绪认知评价理论,构建中国组织情境下领导愤怒表达通过组织支持感与职场焦虑影响员工创新过程投入的链式中介模型,探讨正念的边界条件。研究结果表明：领导愤怒表达对员工创新过程投入具有负向影响;组织支持感和职场焦虑分别在领导愤怒表达对员工创新过程投入的负向影响中起中介作用及链式中介作用;员工正念通过缓和职场焦虑对创新过程投入的负向影响,进而调节组织支持感与职场焦虑的链式中介作用。该研究不仅有助于丰富领导愤怒情绪研究,也可为组织管理者完善情绪表达策略提供启发。     

The algebra of health concerns: implications of consumer perception of health loss,illness and the breakdown of the health system on anxiety

The current and expected future state of the American health care system creates much concern and anxiety at the national and individual level among Americans. This study is in response to the call of the Institute of Medicine to further study the lack of confidence among Americans about their future ability to receive high‐quality health care. This study compares perceived anxiety and its amelioration as a result of three possible health situations: illness with infectious disease, losing one's health and a breakdown of the health care system. This empirical study was conducted within the framework of conjoint analysis. We conducted an experimental design of ideas, identified attributes that increased or reduced anxiety in each of the three health‐related situations and then segmented consumers on the basis of their patterns of reactions to the attributes. We found that the highest anxiety was attributed to the breakdown of the health care system. The segmentation further suggested that the anxiety emerging from the breakdown of society's health care system generated a different extent of anxiety than that which emerged from one's illness or one's loss of own health. The attributes that drove anxiety across the health situations were, surprisingly, charities, one's company, the local hospital and supplemental insurance. Attributes that reduced anxiety differed among segments. The attributes were found to be: close friends, family, distribution of information by authorities and the belief in God. At a practical level, these data and patterns of response allow health care policy makers to enhance the coping ability of patients by understanding the nature of what reduces the anxiety of individual types of patients. The approach in this study provides a person‐centred system for communication and anxiety reduction that can be implemented as part of a public health policy.     

Adverse effect of social media on generation Z user's behavior: Government information support as a moderating variable

Social media emerged as a primary source of information among young users, but its severe effect on mental state due to information overload, still an area of concern for the researchers. Generation Z users' addiction to the mobile phone/gadgets is increasing with a rise in social media and consequently their behavioral outcomes have transformed completely. Nowadays behavioral issues including stress, fatigue, ‘fear of missing out’ and ‘phubbing’, anxiety etc. rising each day but the relationship among these issues and information overload is less examined. The social media users are unable to filter the trustworthy information due to its enormous size and thus role of information support from government becomes essential. The current study extends the S-O-R theory exploring relationship between the stimulus of enormous information on the responses generated among the Generation Z such as social media fatigue, ‘fear of missing out’, ‘phubbing’ and anxiety. The findings from a sample of 319 users belonging to Generation Z suggest that social media platforms need to understand user's compulsive usage that is resulting into fatigue and consequently anxiety. The role of government information support on reducing fatigue and anxiety is found to be positive. The relationship between ‘fear of missing out’, ‘phubbing’ and anxiety is found significant and shows presence of partial mediation. The study offers significant theoretical and practical implications. It is significant for the service providers and social media platforms to advance interfaces with minimum fatigue for the users and offers information support to the users to reduce stress caused by information load.     

How emotional labor affect hotel employees’ mental health: A longitudinal study

The current study aims to examine the longitudinal effects of emotional labor on the mental health of hotel employees based on the Allostatic Load and Conservation of Resources theories. Four waves of data were collected from 534 hotel interns in an eight-month period. Latent growth modeling and lagged path analysis were used to analyze the time-series data. The study results indicated that hotel employees experienced increased anxiety and depression within the first three months of their new jobs. Surface acting increased employees' anxiety and depression. Interestingly, deep acting decreased employees' anxiety and depression in the short run but increased their anxiety and depression in the long run. Emotional exhaustion explained the double-edged effect of deep acting on mental health. The study results provide meaningful implications for hotel managers in workplace stress management and employees’ mental health improvement.     

The role of explanations and metadiscourse in management responses to anger-reviews versus anxiety-reviews: The mediation of sense-making

Management response (MR) has become a popular intervention for hotels to manage customer reviews on social media platforms. This article introduces two important linguistic features of MR content—metadiscourse and explanation—and investigates their effectiveness in addressing negative reviews. It also examines how hotels customize MRs using different linguistic features according to different emotions in reviews. Based on a field investigation of large-scale TripAdvisor data and an experimental study, we demonstrate that explanations outperform metadiscourse for anxiety-reviews, whereas metadiscourse is more effective than explanations for anger-reviews. Moreover, their relative effectiveness is mediated by consumers’ sense-making process. Using explanations for anxiety-reviews and metadiscourse for anger-reviews facilitates sense-making, whereas using explanations for anger-reviews and metadiscourse for anxiety-reviews impedes it. This research enriches current understanding of MR effects and provides the hospitality industry with important guidelines for formulating effective MRs and social media marketing practices.     

How being envied shapes tourists’ relationships with luxury brands: A dual-mediation model

Positive reviews of luxury brands on social media provide tourists with an opportunity for self-presentation. Recent studies have suggested that these reviews can easily trigger envy in receivers, yet few studies have discussed the effect of envy on review writers. This research examined the effects of review writers’ perceptions of being envied on their relationships with the luxury brands they shared on social media. The results of three experiments in vacation scenarios showed that writers were more likely to feel pride (anxiety) when they were benignly (maliciously) envied, eliciting a stronger (weaker) self-brand connection. Moreover, social tie strength played a moderating role. The effect of being envied was stronger when writers and receivers had strong (vs. weak) ties. Our findings provide luxury brand managers with managerial insights into content customization and platform selection in buzz marketing strategies.     

Anxiety and gratitude toward the organization: Relationships with error management culture and service recovery performance

According to affective events theory (AET), organizational contexts can produce “affective events” that shape individuals’ emotional experiences, subsequently influencing those individuals’ work behaviors. This study hypothesized that every time an error occurs in an error management culture, it is an affective event that can stimulate employees’ gratitude and reduce their anxiety toward their respective organizations. Gratitude and anxiety are positively and negatively associated with employees’ service recovery performance, respectively. Drawing on three waves of data collected from 218 hotel employees, this study found that error management culture was positively associated with gratitude and negatively associated with anxiety. Consequently, gratitude and anxiety influenced employees’ service recovery performance, as rated by the employees’ supervisors. These findings suggest that error management culture can influence employees’ service recovery performance through the culture’s impact on gratitude and anxiety.     

旅游活动助益游客心理健康——基于调查数据的实证分析

心理健康问题得到当今社会的极大关注,旅游有助于改善人们的心理健康,学界也进行了相关探讨。采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）与汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对89例游客的焦虑状态和72例游客的抑郁状态在旅游前后进行测评,并运用SPSS 20.0进行检验和比对,研究旅游对于改善人们焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响。研究结果显示：1.游后焦虑情绪较游前有显著降低,而抑郁情绪改善不明显;2.景观类型选择对游客焦虑改善存在显著差异;3.旅游时间长短与游客焦虑存在负相关关系。