基于专利信息的产业技术竞争优势测度模型构建与实证研究

提出产业技术竞争优势的概念，并探讨其"规模-质量-价值"三维模型和测度指标体系；构建产业技术竞争优势指数，利用熵值法设置权重，采用合成指数法计算产业技术竞争优势指数。以世界生物医药产业主要国家（中、美、德、日）1996-2016年样本数据进行实证研究。结果表明：中国生物医药产业技术竞争优势指数及分指数总体保持上升趋势，其中规模指数增长较快，价值指数次之，质量指数发展居于末位；美国、日本和德国竞争优势指数相近，均具有较强的竞争优势；中国产业技术竞争能力处于劣势地位，规模维度方面中国与其它三国差距较小，价值维度差距次之，质量维度差距较大。     

Participatory prognostics in Germany—developing citizen scenarios for the relationship between biomedicine and the economy in 2014

The rapid development of biomedicine demands a trustworthy, proactive regulatory regime that is able to manage progress with genuine regard for ethical, social and legal concerns. With its recent past of eugenics and euthanasia, Germany is particularly concerned with setting up a fair and transparent approach, able to respond quickly to scientific developments as well as societal concerns. This article reports on the development, implementation and evaluation of a citizen scenario workshop as a tool of participatory prognostics, integrating elements from participatory technology assessment and forecasting. In 7 days of highly structured work and expert support, 24 German participants developed four scenarios on “The Relationship of Biomedicine and the Economy in the Year 2014.” Results and evaluation both show that the process (1) leads to scenarios that provide a useful perspective beyond expert opinion; (2) enriches the public and political discourse; and (3) offers a social learning opportunity appreciated by nonprofessionals and experts alike. We are confident in recommending this technique as a useful addition to existing foresight and horizon scanning activities.     

挪威发展生物医药的成功经验

近年来,挪威生物医药事业发展迅速,取得了世人瞩目的成绩。本文概述了其生物医药产业和研发力量的状况和分布,介绍了挪威政府支持生物医药发展的主要政策和措施,总结了其采取高度聚焦的发展策略,围绕创造价值需要制定的政策措施,强调平等合作,大力推进国际合作和营造国际化的本土工作环境等成功经验。     

上海生物医药研发外包服务支术市场现状分析

上海生物医药产业的发展非常迅速,而研发外包服务（主要是离岸外包）成为这一产业中最耀眼的明珠。本文根据技术市场管理办公室登记涉外合同交易数据库,分析了上海生物医药研发外包行业的现状、特点、市场规模、优势领域等情况,同时也分析了研发外包服务业在发展过程中存在的一些问题,并提出笔者的一些观点和看法。     

The old and the new: the evolution of polymer and biomedical clusters in Ohio and Sweden

This paper examines the rapid growth of the polymer-based and biomedical clusters in Ohio and Sweden – two regions of similar size and with similar traditions undergoing similar industrial restructuring. Two issues are addressed: First, why has growth been so strong in these particular clusters, i.e., can we identify the sources of the growth and dynamics in these sectors? Second, why do these two clusters differ in Ohio and Sweden in terms of size, level and type of activity, number and composition of actors, size structure of firms and growth patterns over the last couple of decades? In particular, what is the role of public policies as well as cultural, historical, and geographic factors? Our main conclusions are (1) that there is strong path dependence in both clusters in both countries, and (2) that the key to rapid development is a high absorptive capacity combined with rapid diffusion to new potential users. Our policy discussion addresses these issues.     

专利视角的我国生物医药产业的技术创新

生物医药产业的发展,高度依赖于专利技术。专利作为知识产权中科技含量最高的部分,覆盖着绝大部分的重要科技研究成果。本文以专利信息为视角检索我国生物医药产业1993年到2016年的专利,并以我国生物医药产业专利累积申请数量代表技术发展水平,从专利申请数量年度趋势、主要申请人、技术生命周期、重要区域分布、专利IPC和专利法律状态分析等方面展开专利分析,以此把握生物医药产业发展现状及趋势、探究技术发展重点和热点。本文旨在为促进我国生物医药产业技术创新提供专利信息方面的依据,为生物医药产业制定产业技术创新方面的相关政策提供参考意见。