中国区域经济发展差异及其原因的多尺度分析

本文采用经验模态方法对中国1953—2002年区域经济发展差异进行多尺度分析,并对不同尺度的区域经济差异的原因进行探讨。研究表明,50年来中国区域经济差异波动主要以60年尺度、17.5年尺度和趋势为主,近期区域差异呈扩大趋势。从不同尺度生产要素投入差异和区域差异的关系看,要素投入差异会引起区域差异,区域差异也会引起要素投入环境差异并引发要素投入差异的变化,在制定区域政策时应考虑区域差距波动的短期性和长期性。     

On Choosing and Bounding Probability Metrics

When studying convergence of measures, an important issue is the choice of probability metric. We provide a summary and some new results concerning bounds among some important probability metrics/distances that are used by statisticians and probabilists. Knowledge of other metrics can provide a means of deriving bounds for another one in an applied problem. Considering other metrics can also provide alternate insights. We also give examples that show that rates of convergence can strongly depend on the metric chosen. Careful consideration is necessary when choosing a metric.     

产业结构调整与增进城乡收入实证研究

经济发展应实现国民产出增长、产业结构优化,更应实现人民收入水平的提高和社会的普遍进步。由此而来的一个问题是,如何让全体人民在改革发展中共享成果？从经济学的视野看,普遍提高人民的收入水平,最终实现共同富裕无疑是一个重要的标杆。在考察各省区市城乡收入结构与产业结构之间的关系后发现,通过产业结构调整、产业转移与承接进而促进区域经济协调发展是弥合区域收入水平差距的重要途径,适当调整收入分配政策、提高公共财政在农村的覆盖面、建立社会主义新农村是缩小城乡收入差距的合理性制度选择。     

大学英语自主学习中教师角色的转型研究——一项基于“教师和学习者”双向反馈的调查

在促进学习者自主的过程中,教师扮演着多元的角色。然而,社会需求和学生需求的不断变化对大学英语教师角色的合理定位提出了更高的要求。因此,基于对浙江省一所高校的调查,分别从学习者和教师的角度双向考察了教师在大学英语自主学习中承担的角色,研究师生视野下教师角色的差异性,并探析了教师角色转型的趋向性。     

The Relationship Between Discrepancies Defined on a Domain and on its Subset

The discrepancy is an important optimality criterion for experimental designs. Sometimes for practical reasons one may choose a design on some finite subset of the original experimental domain. This article addresses the question of whether minimum discrepancy designs are the same for the discrepancy defined on the original experimental domain and the discrepancy defined on a subset. Under certain non-trivial conditions they are shown to be equivalent. Examples are given to show when these conditions apply.     

非货币性交易会计核算与税法的差异和协调

伴随着经济全球化,我国会计准则一直处于变动之中。以非货币性交易为例,我国非货币交易会计准则已经历三次变更,其收益的会计确认与税法的确认一直存在着差异。分析和把握这些差异的变化,不仅有利于规范会计核算,更利于依法诚信纳税。本文在阐述会计准则的变化以及变化原因的同时,结合税法对非货币性交易的处理,提出了两者的差异及协调的问题。     

还本销售会计处理和税法规定的差异

还本销售方式的会计处理和税法规定之间存在三个方面的差异。本文结合实际工作,对还本销售方式销售货物所产生的差异在原理阐述的基础上辅以实例说明,深入浅出地解析了还本销售会计处理和税法规定的差异。     

中国工业行业资本配置效率差异的实证分析——基于32个工业行业的面板数据分析

本文基于Jeffrey Wurgler的资本配置效率模型,采用面板数据的固定效应模型和变系数模型对2001-2006年中国32①个工业行业的资本配置效率进行实证分析,结果显示:中国工业的资本配置效率整体较低且波动较大;工业内部各行业的资本配置效率差异大,具有行业垄断性质的能源资源产业资本配置效率高,传统制造业和装备制造业配置效率低;中国工业的资本配置效率存在很大的区域差异,中部地区工业资本配置效率最高,西部次之,东部地区最低.     

Quasi-Monte Carlo methods with applications in finance

We review the basic principles of quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods, the randomizations that turn them into variance-reduction techniques, the integration error and variance bounds obtained in terms of QMC point set discrepancy and variation of the integrand, and the main classes of point set constructions: lattice rules, digital nets, and permutations in different bases. QMC methods are designed to estimate s-dimensional integrals, for moderate or large (perhaps infinite) values of s. In principle, any stochastic simulation whose purpose is to estimate an integral fits this framework, but the methods work better for certain types of integrals than others (e.g., if the integrand can be well approximated by a sum of low-dimensional smooth functions). Such QMC-friendly integrals are encountered frequently in computational finance and risk analysis. We summarize the theory, give examples, and provide computational results that illustrate the efficiency improvement achieved. This article is targeted mainly for those who already know Monte Carlo methods and their application in finance, and want an update of the state of the art on quasi-Monte Carlo methods.      

Testing homogeneity in a random intercept model using asymptotic, posterior predictive and plug-in p-values

In this paper three statistics and three discrepancy measures with which homogeneity in the random intercept model can be investigated will be evaluated. The first two can be used to test the homogeneity of level one residual variances across level two units and the third can be used to test whether effects should be fixed or random. Each statistic and discrepancy measure will be evaluated using asymptotic (if available), posterior predictive and plug in p -values. A simulation study will be used to investigate the frequency properties of these p -values. In the discussion it will be indicated how the results obtained for the random intercept model with one explanatory variable can be useful during the construction of general two level models.