Component efficient solutions in line-graph games with applications

Recently, applications of cooperative game theory to economic allocation problems have gained popularity. We investigate a class of cooperative games that generalizes some economic applications with a similar structure. These are the so-called line-graph games being cooperative TU-games in which the players are linearly ordered. Examples of situations that can be modeled like this are sequencing situations and water distribution problems. We define four properties with respect to deleting edges that each selects a unique component efficient solution on the class of line-graph games. We interpret these solutions and properties in terms of dividend distributions, and apply them to economic situations. This research has been done while the third author was visiting Tinbergen Institute at the Free University, Amsterdam. The research is part of the Research Programme “Strategic and Cooperative Decision Making” at the Department of Econometrics. Financial support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) in the framework of the Russian-Dutch programme for scientific cooperation, is gratefully acknowledged. The third author also appreciates partial financial support from the Russian Leading Scientific Schools Fund (grant 80.2003.6) and Russian Humanitarian Scientific Fund (grant 02-02-00189a). We thank three anonymous referees for their valuable comments.     

试析统筹人与自然和谐发展理论的产生及意义

文章深入探寻了西方社会和马克思主义关于人与自然和谐发展理论的产生过程,以及我国在此基础上进行统筹人与自然和谐发展理论的创新及其实践,并进一步分析了我国贯彻落实统筹人与自然和谐发展理论对于经济社会可持续发展战略的重大意义。     

Research note: religious doctrine and its influence on the choice to gamble as a leisure pastime among African American Methodists

This research note examines the relationship between adherence to religious doctrine and participation in gambling as a leisure pastime. In the United States, recreational gambling is a common leisure pastime for many African Americans. Our ideals about the value of gambling are often shaped within families, based on their lived experience with recreational gambling and also within religious communities. Two doctrinal statements from the Methodist strand of Protestantism provide critical assessment of gambling as a leisure pastime. This case study examined African American Methodists’ perceptions about religious doctrine that addresses gambling; their choice to gamble despite their familiarity with the doctrinal position of the Church; and the perception of gambling as a sinful leisure pursuit. Religious doctrine may deter some adherents from participating in gambling as a leisure pursuit but not everyone. Many can be familiar with religious doctrine, may not agree with it and will proceed to gamble. Finally, even if gambling is perceived as a sinful leisure activity, it concurrently can be viewed as a ‘harmless’ vice.     

The True Meaning of ‘Social Justice’: A Catholic View of Hayek

Hayek's well‐known dismissal of the concept of ‘social justice’ is examined and questioned. While basically agreeing with Hayek's critique, the author argues that we should not entirely reject this concept, although it is often used in a vague and emotional way – ‘social justice talk’. Drawing on the tradition of classical liberalism and Catholic social teaching, he makes the case for the true meaning of social justice, which applies to the basic legal and institutional framework of a society rather than the distributional outcomes of market processes.     

《中庸》之“中庸”三维度释义

《中庸》之＂中庸＂持久而深刻,它是以正确性为内在精神,以恰当与适度为标志,以事物整体和谐、实现矛盾协调为目标,是振荡中维持平衡的过程及其＂得中＂这一瞬间之表象。它具有中庸之道（原则）、中庸之德（品德）、中庸之法（方法）三维度之义：既是哲学范畴,也是伦理学说,并代表了一种思想方法;既是事物运行的客观形态,又是儒家的世界观、人生观,还是＂折两用中＂的方法论。     

补偿税理论的新发展——兼评美国规制碳交易的司法实践

温室气体减排指标余额作为可交易的客体构成碳交易市场化制度安排的基础.美国东北部七个州联合签署<区域性温室气体减排计划>,希望借助"总量管制和交易"行动实现减排目标.在自1869年肇始的判例中,美国最高法院逐步发展与完善了"补偿税理论",作为支持表面上有歧视性的州际商业管理措施的正当根据.补偿税理论的历史演变和新近发展趋向都表明,它是化解碳交易法律难题的有效工具.     

中国近代建设的伟大先行者——重温孙中山《在安徽都督府欢迎会的演说》

孙中山不仅是中国近代民主革命的伟大先行者,也是中国近代建设的伟大先行者。他率先勾画了近代中国最为完整、最系统的经济建设蓝图,提出了经济建设的一系列具体的方针政策,体现了他的雄心壮志和远见卓识。他《在安徽都督府欢迎会的演说》,是其经济建设思想的重要组成部分。     

我国诚实信用原则研究现状评析

诚实信用自其产生之日起就倍受人们的关注,近代更被称之为"帝王条款".本文通过对诚实信用原则在私法、民事诉讼法以及与自由裁量权的关系三个部分来对我国诚实信用原则研究现状作一评析,认为,诚实信用原则已经超出了其原本狭窄的适用范围,成为了法律与伦理的综合原则,具有了私法与公法适用之共通性,应与正义衡平一道,成为规制人们行为的实践性规范.     

辩论主义与我国民事诉讼辩论原则的比较研究

辩论主义是大陆法系国家民事诉讼法学中规定当事人有权能和责任收集诉讼资料的一项原则,辩论主义仅是当事人主义的重要内容和必不可少的一环。本文旨在理清辩论主义乃是当事人主义诉讼模式特性的一个重要方面的反映,它与我国民事诉讼辩论原则有着根本的区别。     

中国音乐电视的发展趋向:商业主义与人文主义的对立统一

面对商业主义与人文主义的悖论,取道中庸以图生存的中国音乐电视,只有让商业主义作其驱动力,人文主义为其提供理想和目标,形成二者相互渗透、相互融汇的对立统一局面,才能共同推动中国音乐电视健康前行。