Network neutrality and the nature of competition between network operators

The neutral architecture of the Internet is being challenged by various parties, such as network operators providing the connections to end-users, who are interested in gaining control of the information exchanged over the Internet. What are the effects on competition and welfare of such practices? Currently, there exists very little economic theory on network neutrality. This paper provides a preliminary analysis of the type of economic modeling that can address network neutrality, as well as of the type of results that can be expected.     

Cap and trade policies in the presence of monopoly and distortionary taxation

We extend an analytical general equilibrium model of environmental policy with pre-existing labor tax distortions to include pre-existing monopoly power as well. We show that the existence of monopoly power has two offsetting effects on welfare. First, the environmental policy reduces monopoly profits, and the negative effect on income increases labor supply in a way that partially offsets the pre-existing labor supply distortion. Second, environmental policy raises prices, so interaction with the pre-existing monopoly distortion further exacerbates the labor supply distortion. This second effect is larger, for reasonable parameter values, so the existence of monopoly reduces the welfare gain (or increases the loss) from environmental restrictions.     

论贸易政策合理性的评价标准及反倾销的不合理性

目前，国内学界对反倾销的合理性问题存在着激烈的争论。合理性问题是一个评价问题，合理性评价的前提是合理性的评价标准。国内学界在对反倾销合理性问题进行争论的时候忽略了这一前提，即没有给反倾销合理性确定一个比较明确的评价标准，这就使这种评价失去了依据。文章从合理性的含义出发，提出了贸易政策是否具有合理性的三个评价标准，并在此基础上对反倾销的不合理性进行了分析和探讨。     

从经济理性到有限理性:经济学研究理性假设的演变

"经济理性"是经济学的传统研究假设,却因背离现实而受到质疑.基于行为人稀缺的心理资源和系统固有的不确定性而产生的"有限理性"正逐步取代"经济理性"成为经济学研究的理性假设.不同的理性观点可以从决策的视角得到系统地解释和比较.并且,随着理性假设的演变,经济行为的决策标准也相应从单一静态最优向多元动态平衡转变.     

Simon's and Siegel's responses to the 'mixed strategy anomaly': a missed case in the sensitivity of economics to empirical evidence

In some of their papers published in the 1950s, Herbert Simonand Sidney Siegel responded to the so-called mixed strategyanomaly in ways which deserve more attention. They producednot only (i) immediate defences of the economic theory of theirown time, but also (ii) ideas and solutions that have laterturned out to be significant contributions to the developmentof the economic theory of choice and decision-making and theseparation of experimental economics from experimental psychology.These observations suggest that economics can be more responsiveto empirical anomalies than has been assumed. Furthermore, knowledgeof the desirable responsiveness to anomalies can provide meansof avoiding the non-desirable immunity to anomalies.     

Communication equilibrium payoffs in repeated games with imperfect monitoring

We characterize the set of communication equilibrium payoffs of any undiscounted repeated matrix-game with imperfect monitoring and complete information. For two-player games, a characterization is provided by Mertens, Sorin, and Zamir (Repeated games, Part A (1994) CORE DP 9420), mainly using Lehrer's (Math. Operations Res. (1992) 175) result for correlated equilibria. The main result of this paper is to extend this characterization to the n-player case. The proof of the characterization relies on an analogy with an auxiliary 2-player repeated game with incomplete information and imperfect monitoring. We use Kohlberg's (Int. J. Game Theory (1975) 7) result to construct explicitly a canonical communication device for each communication equilibrium payoff.     

社会壁垒的合理性及对我国的积极影响

最近几年,社会壁垒已经成为欧盟国家及其他发达国家的重要贸易手段.我国国内对其负面影响的研究与宣传的较多,但对其合理性研究不够.本文就社会壁垒的产生、发展及其合理性进行了分析,并指出其对我国政府与企业的积极影响.     

不完全竞争、交易效率和证券风险

本文提出了一种崭新的理论观点———不完全竞争的市场结构是证券风险的一个重要来源,并利用市场数据进行了实证分析。此外,本文还发现不完全竞争的市场结构会通过影响买卖双方的交易策略而降低市场的交易效率。     

从市场功能看我国货币市场结构的合理性

从市场要素角度看,我国货币市场结构的合理性已大大提高,但市场发展的最终目的是要充分发挥其特有的功能,因此有必要进一步从功能角度考察我国货币市场结构的合理性.货币市场是企业筹集短期资金的市场,是商业银行进行流动性管理的市场,是中央银行实施金融宏观调控的市场,本文从这三个方面系统评判了我国货币市场结构的合理性.     

合理性审查下离职竞业限制范围之再思考

经营权与劳动权的冲突是竞业限制制度所面临的核心问题,而权利的冲突需要通过合理的限制契约自由来加以化解。因此,对离职竞业限制的范围进行合理性审查具有法理基础和现实意义。基于我国《劳动合同法》第24条,通过对相关法理、学理以及司法实践进行分析,文章总结了我国离职竞业限制行业范围以及地域范围的几种审查标准。同时,我们认为竞争法下相关市场概念的引入能够对竞业限制的范围判断提供一定的参考价值,并建议在合理性审查过程中要树立平等保护理念,权衡相关原则以及考量社会公共利益。