Impression management of tour leaders

The conception of impression management has been widely used for investigating issues such as presentation of staff and enterprise images, or the interaction between customers and service workers. The existing studies in tourism and hospitality tended to adopt an early framework of impression management, thus neglecting the recent development of impression management studies. To enhance the understanding of impression management in relation to tourist service, the present study was conducted to disclose the various strategies tour leaders use for image building or self-presentation. The data were drawn from in-depth interviews. The results showed that diverse tactics, verbal and nonverbal, were employed for impression management in tour operation. Another finding of this study was that the impression management strategies are not mutually exclusive; instead, various links exist among the strategies. The implications for future studies and industry practice were discussed.     

FDI spillovers in the Chinese hotel industry: The role of geographic regions,star-rating classifications,ownership types,and foreign capital origins

Although productivity spillovers have long been recognized to be a major benefit of foreign direct investment (FDI), such spillovers have not yet been systematically studied in the context of the hotel industry. This paper investigates hotel-related FDI spillover effects as well as moderating factors (geographic region, star rating classification, ownership type and foreign capital origin) in China. Evidence from province-level panel data reveals the existence and significance of intra-industry spillovers from foreign to domestic hotels in China, although the nature and magnitude vary based on different moderating factors. Domestic hotels in eastern and western China and those with alliance and limited liability ownership structures benefit significantly from productivity spillovers. Foreign-invested three-star hotels transfer a significant amount of positive productivity, whereas domestic three- and five-star hotels benefit the most from productivity spillovers. Moreover, foreign-invested hotels from Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan (HMT) and non-HMT countries generate positive spillovers of similar magnitudes.     

澳门旅游生态足迹研究

澳门小城以狭小的地域面积承载着规模巨大的旅游活动,蓬勃兴旺的旅游产业已成为澳门社会经济的命脉,并为世人所瞩目。然而,旅游业以旅游目的地的生态环境与自然资源为基础,并在发展过程中不可避免地对二者产生压力与负面影响。运用生态足迹的理论与方法,测算出2009年澳门不可转移之旅游生态足迹为18 300.891gha,是旅游生态承载力的3.29倍,旅游生态赤字为12 737.584gha,结果发现澳门的旅游生态足迹经济效率较高,但旅游活动正在过度消耗资源环境,使当地的旅游发展不具备生态可持续性,因此相应的改进措施应早日出台,以实现资源保护与旅游发展的平衡,促进旅游业的持续发展。     

服务贸易对澳门经济增长的贡献研究——基于澳门1998～2010年季度数据实证分析

文章在出口扩展型总量生产函数模型的基础上,从供给的视角实证分析了劳动、资本特别是服务贸易对澳门经济增长的影响和贡献。从1998年2季度至2010年2季度的季度平均值来看,资本和劳动投入对澳门经济增长的贡献份额分别为12%和9%,贡献率较低,而服务贸易总额对经济增长的贡献份额为75%,贡献率较高。面对全球金融危机,澳门必须调整一业独大的产业结构和过度依赖服务贸易的增长模式,实现产业结构适度多元化,不断催生新的经济增长点。     

经济视角下澳门高等教育发展的历史与现状

考察澳门经济与高等教育发展的历史,可以看到澳门经济的增长速度与模式深刻地影响和制约着高等教育的发展。澳门回归以来,特区政府审时度势地提出了教育兴澳的战略思想并加大了对高等教育的经费投入,使高等教育在经济发展中的地位日益彰显;另一方面,澳门经济中过度重商与博彩业一业独大的特质,以及完全以市场为导向的高校办学机制,又制约着高等教育的进一步发展。为此,必须通过适度发展多元经济,增加高校筹资渠道,提升高校研究能力,推进办学国际化进程,拓展办学空间等措施来加以解决。     

The antecedents of tourists’ gaming spend: does the brand prestige matter?

This study endeavors to empirically analyse the influential effect among brand prestige, service quality, casino visitor satisfaction and spend. Data from 304 tourists who had travelled to Macau and had participated in gambling activities were used and structural equation modelling and multi-group analysis were employed in hypotheses testing. The findings demonstrated that both brand prestige and perceived service quality are determinants of satisfaction and gaming spend, and that brand prestige also affects service quality positively. Furthermore, past experience moderates the service quality and visitors’ satisfaction relationship, also service quality and visitors’ gaming spend relationship.     

产业多元化：微型经济体国际比较

澳门产业多元化问题是内地和澳门特区政府以及学术界十分关注的问题。根据产业组织理论,对澳门以及和澳门类似的3个经济体——卢森堡、冰岛和马耳他的产业部门数量和各产业部门在整个经济中的分布进行了比较。使用就业人口和GDP数据计算出的熵指数和赫芬达尔指数显示,澳门的产业多元化程度低于卢森堡、冰岛和马耳他。研究也发现：导致澳门产业多元化程度低的主要原因不是澳门产业部门的数量少,即所谓的＂产业结构单一＂,而是各产业在澳门整个经济活动中的比重不均衡,即所谓的（博彩产业）＂一业独大＂。研究结论可为澳门特区政府制定产业多元化政策提供参考借鉴。     

粤港澳特别合作区的法律思考

在产业结构升级、区域经济一体化等挑战面前，探索新的合作模式已成为粤港澳三地紧迫的共同诉求。以特别行政区基本法为核心的宪法性法律文件群、WTO协定群和CEPA法律文件群为粤港澳合作提供了稳固的法律框架，它们所规划的发展蓝图呈现出的是一个相互嵌套交叉的波纹结构，使粤港澳合作具有了阶段性、试验性、双向性和都市性等特点。     

港澳台商投资广东制造业的集聚效应及其对区域竞争力影响

本文根据产业集群理论,区域竞争力理论和突变理论的基本原理,采用突变级数法、弹性方法,以及回归分析方法,对港澳台商投资广东制造业的集聚程度及其整体的集群效应进行定量研究,并找出两个众多因素共同作用的系统——制造业集群系统与区域经济系统的内在数量关系。     

澳门产业结构与产业适度多元化路径探讨

推动澳门产业适度多元化发展,是近年来澳门特区政府施政的重点方略,也是引起粤澳学术界广泛关注和深入讨论的重要课题。本文基于澳门产业结构特点,论述了适度多元化发展的必要性,阐释了澳门产业适度多元化的内涵,并从控制博彩业的发展规模、发展以博彩为龙头的综合旅游业、适度发展其他新兴产业等角度,分析了澳门产业适度多元化的路径。最后提出了澳门产业适度多元化发展的配套政策与措施,包括强化政府的引导和支持作用、加强对博彩业的监督管理、塑造文化旅游新形象、打造区域商贸平台、深化与内地的经济合作等。