失败学习对企业绩效的影响机制研究

已有文献认为失败学习对企业绩效具有重要作用，但失败学习通过何种途径促进企业绩效提升的研究并不完善。基于失败学习理论，引入资源拼凑和机会识别作为中介变量，构建失败学习影响企业绩效的多路径模型，探索失败学习对企业绩效的驱动路径及内在机理。实证结果表明：失败学习对企业绩效具有显著积极作用，资源拼凑和机会识别分别在失败学习与企业绩效之间起中介作用，资源拼凑和机会识别在失败学习对企业绩效驱动过程中存在链式中介作用，战略柔性能够强化资源拼凑与企业绩效之间的关系，并正向调节资源拼凑的中介作用。研究结论拓展了失败学习对企业绩效的影响路径，对企业复苏和成长具有重要启示。     

颠覆性技术识别与预测方法研究进展

为了把握颠覆性技术识别与预测方法研究进展，首先对颠覆性的内涵、特征和运行机制进行论述；然后，通过对已有文献进行系统梳理，将识别与预测方法分为5类，分别展开详述；最后，对各类方法进行比较分析。研究发现，已有颠覆性技术识别与预测方法仍处于发展的初期阶段，所有识别研究方法均围绕颠覆性技术的外部影响或内在特征中的某一方面展开，并未将二者有机结合起来。未来，应综合把握颠覆性技术内外部特征，构建全面、系统的识别与预测框架。     

基于延迟自相关特性的码速率测量技术

通信信号的识别与解调是通信侦察的重要研究内容，在通常情况下，通信信号的很多参数并不知道。本文介绍了一种基于通信信号码延迟自相关特性的码速率测量技术，并给出了码速率测量理论分析及基于硬件的实现技术，仿真和实验结果表明本方案具有较高的测量性能。     

Cardinality-based equality of opportunities

We study possible rankings of opportunity profiles. An opportunity profile is a list of opportunity sets, one for each agent in the society. We compare profiles on the basis of the notion of “equality of opportunities”. Our main results show the necessary and sufficient conditions for this comparison to be made using exclusively the information provided by two cardinal measures: the number of common alternatives in all sets of a given profile and the difference between the number of alternatives in the individual sets. We also show that, under additional axioms, we can combine these criteria only in a weighted procedure or in some lexicographic refinements of a weighted procedure.      

基于认知视角的创业机会发展过程研究

理性创业时代背景下，如何把握创业机会已成为创业者普遍关心的问题。选取34位创业者作为研究样本，运用文本挖掘和多案例匹配分析方法对创业机会发展过程进行分析、编码，探究创业行为背后的认知机制。研究发现，在机会发现或创造阶段，创业者通过反事实思维推动的创业警觉和创业拼凑两种途径形成创意，并经过新旧认知体系的排斥与趋同形成心智模型，以揭示创业机会发现或创造的认知机制；在机会评估阶段，创业者通过对风险—收益感觉与知觉的多轮反复交互，形成第一人称机会信念和第三人称机会评估，由此揭示创业机会评估的认知机制；在机会开发阶段，创业者形成机会开发内外两种机制，外在机制围绕“探索导向—商业模式创新—新企业成长”展开，内在机制围绕换位思考、效果推理等认知因素推动企业创新、资源获取展开。结论对丰富创业认知理论和管理实践具有重要意义。     

机会窗口、复合式战略与后发企业追赶——基于大华股份的纵向案例研究

基于中国本土化理论——复合基础观，以浙江大华技术股份有限公司（以下简称大华）为例，结合后发企业追赶需要考虑的重要情境即机会窗口，分析后发企业在追赶过程中，如何合理、灵活地采取复合式战略回应机会窗口，并利用机会窗口带来的发展机遇，实现从初始追赶到超越追赶再到行业前沿的追赶历程。研究发现，同一行业内不同机会窗口之间环环相扣、相互影响，某一机会窗口的出现也会触发其它机会窗口出现，进而引致整个行业机会窗口涌现；基于复合基础观视角，后发企业追赶路径的演变过程为：最初以技术模仿式创新为导向实现边缘赶超，继而以市场把握和扩张为导向实现商业模式创新，然后以全面协同创新为导向实现系统竞争力提升；后发企业通过实施复合式战略回应机会窗口的开启，能够帮助其更好地把握住发展机遇，实现追赶；与追赶路径演变相关联，随着企业内部资源与能力的积累，战略回应机制也相应地呈现为“被动回应—主动回应—引领拓展”的演变过程。     

Communication externalities in cities

To identify communication externalities in French cities, we exploit a unique survey recording workplace communication of individual workers. Our hypothesis is that in larger and/or more educated cities, workers should communicate more. In turn, more communication should have a positive effect on wages. By estimating both an earnings and a communication equation, we find evidence of communication externalities. In larger and more educated cities, workers communicate more and in turn this has a positive effect on their wages. Depending on the estimates, we find that 13 to 22% of the effects of a more educated and larger city on wages percolate through this channel.     

生物识别技术在内部控制中的应用

建立健全内部控制是企业生存和发展的基础,内部控制的发展迫切要求理论和方法上的创新与发展,生物识别技术是一种利用人体生物特征来进行身份识别认证的技术。本文以COSO委员会发布的《内部控制整体框架》为基础,分析生物识别技术与内部控制的关系,探讨生物识别技术在企业内部控制中的应用,并对生物识别技术在内部控制应用中的局限性进行分析。     

射频识别技术在商品储运领域的应用

文中介绍了RFID技术在商品储运领域中的优势,然后从危险品跟踪、集装箱跟踪、食品跟踪和仓库管理等方面列举了RFID在商品储运领域的典型应用,最后分析RFID在商品储运领域的应用环节。     

Processes of non-identification: Business school brands and academic faculty

This paper examines the internal implications of branding within higher education, a specific context which is dominated by the co-existence of strong professional logics and identity structures. We focus on how and whether academic faculty identify with the branding practices undertaken by their respective institution. The paper proposes a communicative perspective on brand identification to understand how academic faculty relate to and make sense of the brand. The findings, from responses of 65 faculty members at five business schools, indicate widespread indifference and non-identification with brand messages. Specifically, we identify four types of disconnects between faculty members and branding practices of their respective schools, namely ambiguity, emptiness, misalignment, and irrelevance. The evidence of these disconnects, we argue, suggests that the faculty members refrain from relating the brand to their own identities. Although individuals relate to discourses around the brand, these are often not internalized and do not thereby impact on their individual identity. Rather than navigating between identity tensions, they eschew identification altogether. We contribute to research on how branding works inside contemporary organizations – including higher education - through questioning the role of identity in branding processes seen as the management of meaning.