纤维蛋白胶粘合法联合神经生长因子治疗周围神经损伤的临床疗效

目的探讨纤维蛋白胶(FG)粘合法联合神经生长因子(NGF)治疗周围神经损伤的临床疗效。方法选取我院2006年8月至2013年10月就诊的124例腓总神经损伤患者,随机均分为两组,对照组患者单纯使用缝合法,试验组患者在缝合法的基础上配合使用FG粘合法联合NGF治疗,随访6个月以上,分析两组患者的运动功能和患肢感觉疗效。结果试验组患者总有效率明显优于对照组,差异有统计学异议(P<0.05)。结论周围神经损伤的修复与再生过程中使用FG粘合法联合NGF治疗,可有效改善患者症状,安全性高,不良反应较少。     

中心国金融危机与国际货币体系更替之间的联系

中心国金融危机与国际货币体系更替之间存在密切联系,当国际货币体系的中心国霸权地位开始逐步下降后,会带来外围国家对其货币作为储备货币的信心下降并诱发中心国储备货币信心危机的发生。从历史来看,中心国出现储备货币信心危机通常还不是货币体系更替的标志性事件,只有当中心国出现主权债务危机时,旧的国际货币体系才会到达终点。当前中国作为外围国家,应重点关注中心国美国的国债市场变化趋势,从而选择正确的应对措施。     

区域合作的现状分析及中国的周边外交战略选择

新区域主义是区域合作的一个重要形式。新区域主义的逐步兴起为中国周边外交战略的日益完善提供良好机遇和理论依据,为中国和周边国家之间的区域合作架起了桥梁,使中国的周边外交展现了更大的魅力。     

Informal settlements’ needs and environmental conservation in Mexico City: An unsolved challenge for land-use policy

The aim of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of land-use policy in Mexico City in controlling the expansion of informal human settlements in peri-urban zones of high ecological value. It is argued that Mexico City's land-use policy has been reactive and internally inconsistent, failing to take informal settlements into account, has not offered the poor access to housing with adequate services and greater security in terms of land tenure, and lacks the necessary financial resources and institutional capabilities for providing solutions to these problems. Through a case study of informal settlement management policy in the Tlalpan Delegation,¹ applied in what has been termed SC or “Conservation Land,”² we conclude that local government exhibits an inability to confront the new challenge of urban sustainability, that it resorts to conventional solutions which give rise to contradictory situations where political decision-making prevails over ecological considerations, so land-use policy is permissive and does not halt informal urban expansion in areas of high environmental value.     

两种不同手术方式治疗眼外伤继发青光眼的临床疗效

目的探讨两种不同手术方式治疗眼外伤继发青光眼的临床疗效。方法选取我院202例眼外伤继发青光眼患者,随机将患者分为A组和B组,分别采用小梁切除术和周围虹膜切除术进行治疗,术后对两组患者进行为期3个月的随访,记录每月眼压和视力的变化。结果两组患者术后眼压和视力恢复情况均较好,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论眼外伤继发青光眼病因复杂,明确致病机制,针对性采取治疗是取得疗效的重要环节,对继发青光眼病因和治疗方式的进一步研究对于改善患者眼压和视力具有重要的意义。     

Cities, hinterlands and agglomeration shadows: Spatial developments in Finland during 1880–2004

This paper analyzes long-term spatial developments in Finland by focusing on two predictions of the new economic geography (NEG) models: the increasing persistence of locational patterns and the rising dominance of growth centers. The empirical analysis is based on regional population data from 1880 to 2004. The results support the hypotheses. Evolutions in rank and rank-size distributions during the processes of industrialization and urbanization suggest increasing persistence of regional structures. The analysis of causal processes between population centers and their hinterlands shows that these regions grew hand-in-hand in the pre-war period, whereas agglomeration shadows started to come about during the post-war period.     

Medication,equipment, and supply costs for common interventions providing extended post-surgical analgesia following total knee arthroplasty in US hospitals

Aims: To estimate the cost to hospitals of materials (i.e. medications, equipment, and supplies) required to administer common interventions for post-surgical analgesia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), including single-injection peripheral nerve block (sPNB), continuous peripheral nerve block (cPNB), periarticular infiltration of multi-drug cocktails, continuous epidural analgesia, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA), and local infiltration of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension (BLIS).

Materials and methods: This analysis was conducted using a mixed methods approach combining published literature, publicly available data sources, and administrative data, to first identify the materials required to administer these interventions, and then estimate the cost to the hospital of those materials. Medication costs were estimated primarily using the Wholesale Acquisition Costs (WAC), the cost of reusable equipment was obtained from published sources, and costs for disposable supplies were obtained from the US Government Services Administration (GSA) database. Where uncertainty existed about the technique used when administering these interventions, costs were calculated for multiple scenarios reflecting different assumptions.

Results: The total cost of materials (i.e. medications, equipment, and supplies) required to provide post-surgical analgesia was $41.88 for sPNB with bupivacaine; $756.57 for cFNB with ropivacaine; $16.38 for periarticular infiltration with bupivacaine, morphine, methylprednisolone, and cefuroxime; $453.84 for continuous epidural analgesia with fentanyl and ropivacaine; $178.94 for IV PCA with morphine; and $319.00 for BLIS.

Limitations: This analysis did not consider the cost of healthcare providers required to administer these interventions. In addition, this analysis focused on the cost of materials and, therefore, did not consider aspects of relative efficacy or safety, or how the choice of intervention for post-surgical analgesia might impact outcomes such as length of stay, re-admissions, discharge status, adverse events, or total hospitalization costs.

Conclusions: This study provided an estimate of the costs to hospitals for materials required to administer commonly used interventions for post-surgical analgesia after TKA.     

加味黄芪桂枝五物汤联合西药治疗糖尿病周围神经病变患者的临床疗效

目的探讨加味黄芪桂枝五物汤联合西药治疗糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)患者的临床疗效。方法选取2019年3—9月辽宁中医药大学附属医院收治的100例DPN患者作为研究对象,利用随机分配法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组患者在常规治疗(控制血糖、饮食指导、运动处方建立)基础上采用硫辛酸注射液治疗,观察组在对照组西医治疗基础上予以加味黄芪桂枝五物汤口服。比较两组患者治疗前后中医主症积分、一氧化氮(NO)、前列环素(PGI2)、多伦多临床评分系统(TCSS)评分、密西根神经病变筛选表(MNSI)评分变化情况。结果治疗后,两组中医主症评分、NO及PGI2表达水平、TCSS评分、MNSI评分有所改善,且观察组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在西医常规治疗基础上采用加味黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗DPN,可有效改善患者微循环,改善肢体麻凉、疼痛等症状,减轻患者痛苦。     

Evolutionary governance in mining: Boom and bust in peripheral communities in Sweden

This study investigates the consequences of dramatic price fluctuations on the global iron ore market between boom and bust for the Swedish communities Kiruna and Pajala, located above the polar circle, in the years 2006-2018. It focuses on the impact of the Swedish state’s reorientation towards neoliberal policies that have entailed reduced state involvement in peripheral communities still dependant on heavy industry. This reorientation was manifested in the Mineral Strategy presented by the liberal-conservative government in 2013, in which the state was prescribed a role as facilitator of investment of foreign and private capital in the Swedish mining sector, but not as an active owner or developer of mining enterprises. The neoliberalisation of Swedish mining has established a fundamental conflict of interests between communities whose economic, social and cultural wellbeing depends on long-term state commitment, and the state whose main interests are aimed at global capital flows rather than the maintenance of industrial production in peripheral regions. This conflict remained latent as long as global mineral prices were high, but as boom turned to bust around 2012, it was activated in a way that highlighted asymmetric relations of power and economic development between the sparsely populated and resource-rich northern parts of the country and the densely populated south.