城市首位度评价:理论框架与实证分析

本文对城市首位度概念起源及其变化历程进行了追寻,对近年来开展的城市首位度评价从理论上作了一定的辨析,首次提出广义首位度的概念,并对其内涵和外延进行了阐述和解释,在此基础上,设计了广义首位度评价的指标体系,以山东省为对象进行了实证分析。     

价值链视角下中心城市创新首位度评价与比较研究——以南京为例

基于创新价值链理论，构建创新首位度的理论内涵与评价体系，对南京和其它中心城市的创新首位度进行评价与比较。研究结果显示：①在总体首位度方面，南京位列省域中心城市排名下游，落后于西安、成都、武汉、郑州、广州等国家中心城市，自2008年以来一直落后于深圳、杭州、合肥、苏州等对标竞争城市且差距较大；②在分项首位度方面，南京的研发创新、产业创新首位度位列省域中心城市排名底端，导致南京在两个首位度矩阵中均处于C象限，创新价值链呈现严重的不均衡性；③省域中心城市普遍存在创新价值链的“漏斗效应”，即知识创新首位度＞研发创新首位度＞产业创新首位度，南京尤甚，说明技术创新过程存在大量沟壑；④拓展性研究表明，省域中心城市的创新首位度＞经济首位度＞人口首位度，但是近十年3个首位度的增速排序与上述情况相反，说明创新资源有着更强的集聚效应，应避免行政手段对创新资源的错配。最后，提出对策建议与研究展望。     

衍生金融工具的演变对公司法股东至上原则的影响及修正

传统公司法以股东至上为基本原则,并以此为轴心进行系列制度安排.衍生金融工具的应用,使股票与债券等原生金融工具蕴涵的收益与风险要素得以重新打包组合,满足投资者个性化需求.但是附着原生金融工具上的法律的权利与义务却未能完全对应地转移,使得股权与债权的界线逐渐模糊,形成公司法对除股东以外的其他类型投资者保护的缺口.公司法应该对这些新型的交易关系进行确认,对股东至上原则进行修正,调整保护对象和范围,容纳更多的与公司发展攸关的利益主体的利益诉求.     

Exposure order effects and advertising competition

This paper applies the theories of exposure order effects, developed in the psychology literature, to an industrial organization model to explore their role in advertising competition. There are two firms and infinitely many identical consumers. The firms produce a homogeneous product and distribute their brands through a common retailer. Consumers randomly arrive at the retailer and buy their most preferred brands. The order in which a consumer sees the advertising messages affects his brand preferences. Under the primacy effect the consumer prefers the brand he first saw advertised, under the recency—the last encountered brand. The equilibrium of the advertising game is characterized separately under the primacy and the recency effects. In the first setting all consumers are initially unaware of the product existence. The equilibrium advertising intensities, remarkably, do not depend on the type of exposure order effect. In the other two settings some consumers have already formed their brand preferences. The primacy and the recency effects give rise to different equilibrium outcomes.     

A theory of iterative choice in lists

In a list, alternatives appear according to an order and the decision maker follows this order to evaluate alternatives. He records the first alternative as the initial survivor and then at every stage, he compares the current survivor with the next alternative in the list to determine whether the next alternative replaces that to become the new survivor. When the entire list is exhausted in this manner, the agent chooses the survivor in the last stage. We call this procedure “iterative” and provide an axiomatic characterization for it when the order in every list is observable. Then, we also study characterizations of the iterative procedure that is prone to the well-known primacy and recency effects. Finally, we analyze situations where the order of alternatives is unknown to an outside observer and provide a characterization result that enables such an outsider with limited information to understand whether the decision maker can indeed be an iterative list chooser for some order.     

中国城镇化的集聚水平与经济效率--江苏和浙江两省的比较研究

在关于新型城镇化的讨论中,人口到底如何流动、集聚程度应该为何,是受到热议的话题。从市县层面出发,选取江苏省和浙江省的各地级市作为样本,观察其人口和经济活动是否向市区集聚,亦或是在各个县城分散。随后借鉴已有学术研究观点,从经济结构、经济开放程度和行政力量的强弱等角度,解释样本城市的集聚现象,最后探讨城市的集聚是否能够带来市区经济效率的提升和经济增长速度的加快。     

长江三角洲城市群城市规模分布与经济规模分布的比较研究

本文建立与城市规模、城市首位度和城市规模基尼系数相应的经济规模、经济首位度和经济规模基尼系数指标,运用2007-2012年的统计数据测算各指标值,对长江三角洲城市群城市规模分布与经济规模分布进行分析比较.得出两大结论：第一,目前长江三角洲城市群城市规模与经济规模的增长率都呈下降趋势,但城市群内出现有若干经济规模发展快于城市规模发展的高效率城市,也有若干经济规模发展慢于城市规模发展的低效率城市,高、低效率城市正在改变城市群原来的人口与经济规模的结构.第二,长江三角洲城市群内人口与经济规模高度集中,尤其是最大城市上海市人口集中度严重.据此,笔者提出了长江三角洲城市群进一步城镇化的建议：突破行政区域的限制,建立上海都市圈.