The Performance of Service Industries in Canada: A Real Value Analysis

The performance of service industries in Canada has been lower than that of good industries over the last four decades, with noticeable exceptions such as for railways and telecommunication carriers. Service industries were less economically (and technically) efficient in that they generated less output value (quantity) per hour worked (level and growth) or per combined unit of labour and capital (multifactor productivity growth) than good industries. The relative output price of services declined slightly over time compared with goods. At the disaggregated level, changing relative output prices were substantial and proved to be an important factor explaining the relative satisfactory economic performance of many service industries despite their low technical performance. Nevertheless, the output share of service industries increased over that period, sustained, mainly, by the growing recourse of all firms to outsourcing of services.     

Discounting long run average growth in stochastic dynamic programs

Summary. Finding solutions to the Bellman equation often relies on restrictive boundedness assumptions. In this paper we develop a method of proof that allows to dispense with the assumption that returns are bounded from above. In applications our assumptions only imply that long run average (expected) growth is sufficiently discounted, in sharp contrast with classical assumptions either absolutely bounding growth or bounding each period (instead of long run) maximum (instead of average) growth. We discuss our work in relation to the literature and provide several examples. Received: July 26, 2000; revised version: July 10, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" I am specially grateful to Cuong Le Van and to anonymous referee for detecting an error in a previous version of this paper and for suggestions that sensibly improved the paper. Comments and suggestions are also acknowledged to Michele Boldrin, Raouf Boucekkine, Fabrice Collard, Tim Kehoe, Omar Licandro, and Luis Puch. I am also indebted to participants to the III Summer School on Economic Theory held at the Universidade de Vigo, the Macroeconomics Workshop at the Universitat Autò}noma de Barcelona, and the Econometrics Seminar at Tilburg University. Financial support from the Belgian government, under project PAI P4/01, at the IRES-UCL, from a European Marie Curie fellowship, Grant HPMF-CT-1999-00410, at the CEPREMAP, and from IVIE and Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología and FEDER, under project BEC2001-0535, at the Universidad de Alicante, is gratefully acknowledged.     

我国物流业与信息业的融合研究

在"十二五"期间大力发展两化融合的背景下,物流业与信息业的融合已经成为不可阻挡的趋势。现代物流业要稳健发展,也必须以信息化为核心。在分析我国物流业信息化现状的基础上,利用历年的投入产出表,对我国物流业与信息业的融合度进行了计算,并对四类物流发展水平不同的地区选择代表省市进行了融合度的计算。根据测算结果,对我国物流产业信息化的建设提出了相应建议。     

混业经营条件下金融监管效率的比较研究

近年来,主要发达国家均放弃了对金融分业经营的严格规定,实行混业经营,金融混业经营浪潮再度掀起。随着各国金融业混业经营趋势的逐渐明显,我国现阶段实行的分业监管模式显然已经缺乏发展的基础。从前瞻的角度看,分业监管模式在防范和化解金融风险、维护金融业有序竞争的监管功能方面面临弱化的处境。因此对目前的中国而言,选择一个适当的金融监管模式,对金融业进行更有效率的监管就显得十分必要。文章正是以混业经营为背景,对美国1999年金融监管模式改革前后的金融监管效率进行了比较分析,希望对我国未来金融监管模式的建立有一定的借鉴     

服务出口与实际汇率动态关系分析:基于美国数据的考察

基于代表性家庭追求效用最大化,文中构建了一个由外国实际收入、汇率水平、货物出口以及经GARCH(1,1)模型估计所得条件方差作为汇率风险代理变量组成的服务出口方程.采用自回归分布滞后估计方程参数,并将汇率变动影响货物出口进而传导至服务出口的间接效应纳入分析框架.估计结果显示,汇率水平变动与服务出口之间存在负相关关系,而...     

企业科技创新失败项目政府补偿方式选择

将企业科技创新失败项目分为研发阶段失败和成果转化阶段失败两种,采用实物期权法建立政府资金直接补偿、政府税收优惠补偿两种方式下企业科技创新失败项目价值模型,通过分析不同补偿方式下的政府补偿效率,确定了不同阶段科技创新失败项目的最优政府补偿方式。结果发现,研发阶段科技创新失败项目应优先选择政府资金直接补偿,成果转化阶段科技创新失败项目应优先选择税收优惠补偿。     

美国房地产税制对我国房地产税制改革的借鉴

目前,作为新一轮税制改革,房地产税立法被列为税制改革进程而再次成为各方关注的焦点。美国已经建立了较为完善、稳定和成熟的房地产税收制度。从房地产业的可持续健康发展看,借鉴美国成功经验,完善我国的房地产税制改革具有深远的意义。首先探讨和总结了美国房地产税收制度体系的经验,然后对我国目前房地产税改革的问题与难点进行深入剖析,并提出了立足基本国情的房地产税制改革建议。     

对上海、重庆房产税征收的深思考——基于不动产购买者分析视角

房产税改革的试点工作已经一年多了,改革道路中所遇到的困难较多,所取得的成效也不是很明显,加之大众的舆论压力,房产税的开征似乎在被否定,其实不然。房产税对高房价的抑制作用是一个过程,并非一蹴而就的事情。政府应加大投资力度,并出台相关政策法规促进并保护改革的顺利进行;地方政府需在配合中央工作的同时,引导其走入正确的轨道上来;房产开发商则需履行好商业道德,诚信做事;至于不动产购买者,要维护房产税的开征工作,丢弃投机行为,并为房产税的开征提供合理化建议。房产税的改革工作需要多方共同努力,创造条件,才能为房地产市场走向理性化营造良好环境。     

G-H-M理论扩展与国有企业产权改革

本文通过扩展G—H—M理论，将剩余控制权区分为名义剩余控制权与实际剩余控制权．强调实际剩余控制权与剩余索取权存在高度互补性，据此分析国有企业内在机制的缺陷，一方面国有产权的实际剩余控制权与剩余索取权分离，另一方面名义剩余控制权缺乏完全性，因而国有企业的改革方向是以消除制度设计内在矛盾为目标的产权改革。