On the direct and indirect effects of the Great East Japan earthquake on self rated health through social connections: Mediation analysis

The Great East Japan Earthquake created health hazards for many people. Using Panel Data gathered in Iwanuma city, Japan, at two points in time (in 2010 before the quake, and in 2013 after the quake), we found that the high degree of housing damage negatively affected victims’ self rated health (SRH) (direct effect), and decreased the levels of their social connections, which in turn also had a harmful effect on their SRH (indirect effect). We also found that although the direct impacts of earthquakes disappear relatively quickly, the harmful indirect effects associated with a decrease in social connections are slower to dissipate. We conducted a first-difference two-step GMM estimation to consider the possible problem of endogeneity. The results support the above conclusion, and show that in the short-term, the indirect impacts of the earthquake accounted for 55 % of all the impacts experienced.     

Advertising,Price and Quality in Self–regulating Professions: A Survey

This paper surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on the relationship between advertising, fees and quality in the self–regulating professions. Much of the literature is derived from the perspective of advertising as an information–enhancing device, helping to reduce the information asymmetry between professional and client. This is consistent with the majority of the empirical studies which suggest that advertising tends to have a downward effect on professional fees, with little if any adverse effect on quality. There are, however, important issues of method and measurement which may lessen the force of this conclusion     

以"三个代表"为指导思想加强政府机关效能建设

针对我国政府机关工作状况,指出了机关效能建设存在的问题及其原因.认为加强机关效能建设有着非常重要的意义,加强机关效能建设必须以"三个代表"为指导思想.并提出了加强机关效能建设的相应举措.     

A multilevel, identity-based approach to leadership development

A frontier of leadership development is examined involving the respective roles of levels-of-analysis and identity in constructing an integrated development system. An approach is described in which individual and relational leadership identities are the focus of developmental efforts at lower organizational levels (e.g., individual contributor and first-level supervisor) but collective identities become the focus at higher levels (e.g., general manager and above). The separate areas of levels-of-analysis and leader identities are first discussed in terms of their respective relevance to leadership development. These are then discussed jointly in elaborating on a proposed development approach that integrates across organizational levels as well as levels of development (i.e., leader development and leadership development). In developing collective leadership identities, processes that involve participants in engaging across boundaries (functional, hierarchical, geographical) are recommended.     

Gender differences in self‐employment

This paper examines the factors that influence transitions into self‐employment, paying particular attention to gender differences. We find that: (i) men are more responsive to the wage differential between wage/salaried employment and self‐employment; (ii) liquidity constraints are more important for men; and (iii) the link between father's self‐employment status and the probability of self‐employment is stronger for men. Taken together, these results suggest that, for women, self‐employment is a closer substitute for part‐time work and labour‐market inactivity than it is for men. We attribute such differences to the different labour market opportunities and occupational strategies of women.     

Tourism and wellbeing

Wellbeing has been a philosophical and sociological concern since the beginning of time, and research has extended over time to disciplines such as psychology, health sciences and economics to name just a few. Tourism studies has also become more focused on wellbeing in the last few decades, both from a theoretical and methodological perspective. After examining the philosophical background of wellbeing from different perspectives, the paper takes a closer look at how these frameworks can inform tourism research and practices. It explores the relationship between diverse terminologies and perspectives as well as the ways in which hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing can be derived through tourism experiences. A spectrum and a model are proposed which outline the relationship between various types of wellbeing, tourism and activities.     

“公司+农户”违约反应的静态理论模型

高违约率已经成为目前订单农业面临的重要问题。由于面临对方违约,另一方可能有多种选择,现有文献关于违约后签约方的行为反应从两个极端理论假设进行了推演。本文遵循Volker Beckmann和Silke Boger的思路,建立了一个分析农户和公司采取法律行动的简单静态的理论分析模型,以预测其行动取向。认为随着社会经济的发展,司法效率的提高,公司和农户的信用状况将会改善,农户和公司的生产规模也会扩大,违约行为就会减少,公司或者农户针对违约的行为选择也会做出相应改变。     

网络辅导——信息媒体环境下新的辅导手段

辅导是教师授课的延伸和补充,网络可以实现辅导的无时限性和学生学习的无时限性,学生可在课后浏览、学习、提问、讨论和自测。同时利用建立的辅助教学站点与学生进行随时的交流,实现了个别化教学与整体化教学的高度统一,充分提高了教师的辅导质量和学生的学习质量。     

企业诊断的基础 自我评价模型

自我评价是一种诊断性评价 ,对于企业的持续改进和市场竞争力的提升具有非常重要的作用。模型的建立是任何类型评价进行的重要前提。因此 ,应建立一种自我评价模型 ,并从企业系统的各个方面对模型进行详细的说明 ,然后总结其主要特征。     

中医综合疗法治疗小儿腹泻40例疗效观察

目的观察中药内服外用等综合治疗措施对小儿腹泻的临床疗效。方法 80例小儿腹泻病例纳入观察,以随机数字表法随机分为对照组和治疗组,各40例。所有患者均给予常规的基础治疗包括补液、纠正水电解质紊乱,对照组给予蒙脱石散,治疗组给予中医综合治疗措施,疗程均为5d。结果对照组止泻时间平均(3.32±0.53)d,治疗组止泻时间平均(2.36±0.38)d,经t检验,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。治疗组显效16例,有效22例,无效2例;对照组显效11例,有效21例,无效8例,经Ridit分析,治疗组优于对照组,P<0.05。结论采用中药内服外敷、结合饮食调护的综合疗效治疗小儿腹泻疗效较好,值得推广使用。