政府视角下以区域联想为核心的区域品牌伞构建研究

为了应对区域品牌建设中出现的一系列问题，区域管理者们不得不采取新的策略来发展区域经济。某些地区已经尝试将品牌伞策略应用于区域品牌的建设，构建区域品牌伞。探讨了以区域联想为核心的区域品牌伞的基本架构，并提出了影响作为区域品牌伞核心价值的区域联想可转移性维度。在国内外相关研究基础上，通过定性分析，提出区域品牌伞就是将区域品牌撑开成为伞状品牌，直接与产品相结合，作为其品牌或品牌一部分，构建一个以区域品牌为上层品牌，涵盖区域内一系列产品或品牌的区域品牌层级结构；影响区域联想可转移性的维度包括：强度、独特性、相关性、相似性、偏好性及抽象性。     

New Public Management and Developing Countries

While N-PM gained higher popularity in many developed countries, such as New Zealand and Australia, the problem of its perfect transferability comes into agenda. This paper points out that the inappropriateness of NPM to developing countries lies in the internal inability such as informal public sectors （mainly focus on human resource perspective） and budget, and informal market economy; and finally concludes that NPM is not necessarily suitable for developing countries.     

Transferability of private food marketing success factors to public food and health policy: An expert Delphi survey

Public policy activities to promote healthy diets have been criticised for their lack of success. Applying a marketing approach to non-commercial policy objectives such as healthy eating, termed social marketing, is an emerging but as yet underdeveloped field. An earlier study conducted a case analysis of recent successful commercial food marketing and identified key success factors that may be further transferred to the public sector. Six of these factors (trend awareness, endorsement, emotion, common value, media coverage, and ‘why and how’) were presented to and discussed by 31 experts in a two-round Delphi survey. The objective was to determine to what extent these factors are used in public information and social marketing campaigns for healthier eating, and what is required to successfully transfer those factors into the public arena.     

Transferability, finality, and debt settlement

Payment, fundamental to exchange in a decentralized economy, often takes the form of transfers of inside money, i.e., specialized forms of debt. Associated with each type of inside money is a set of rules that governs both the legitimacy of such transfers as means of extinguishing other debts, and the allocation of the ensuing risks.In this paper we develop a model of debt as inside money. In a simple mechanism design framework we show that transferable debt that can be used to settle other debt obligations with finality can be a welfare improving arrangement in the presence of limited enforcement powers. Transferable debt has two advantages over simple chains of credit: it allows for removal of less-than-perfectly reliable agents from the chain in a timely fashion, and it allows agents to direct payments to the proper party without direct communication with other members of the credit chain.     

The spatial transferability of parameters in a gravity model of commuting flows

This paper studies whether gravity model parameters estimated in one geographic area can give reasonable predictions of commuting flows in another. To do this, three sets of parameters are estimated for geographically proximate yet separate regions in south-west Norway. All possible combinations of data and parameters are considered, giving a total of nine cases. Of particular importance is the distinction between statistical equality of parameters and ‘practical’ equality, i.e. are the differences in predictions big enough to matter. A new type test based on the standardised root mean square error (SRMSE) and Monte Carlo simulation is proposed and utilised.     

Transferability of migration licences and the distribution of potential rents

This paper compares the effects of migration restrictions under transferability and non-transferability of licenses. There is reason to expect that a policy of making licenses non-transferable will not only affect production efficiency, but also allow producers to capture more of the potential migration rents.