试论我国财税法律体系的完善

经济的和谐发展呼吁完善的财税法律体系。目前,我国传统财税法律体系已经不能适应和谐发展的新要求,以科学发展观为指导,创新财税法学研究方法和研究范式,构建新的财税法律体系和拓展财税法学的理论空间,已经成为财税理论研讨中的新趋势。因此,宜从我国财政危机的法律原因入手,分析产生这些问题的法治根源,并提出创新财税法治观念、构建新的财税法律体系的思路。     

The internal dynamic of Indian economic growth

A stylised fact of India's economic history since 1950 is that the rate of growth of the economy has accelerated periodically and across policy regimes. In this paper we present a theoretical framework that can generate such a pattern due to cumulative causation through positive feedback. The growth process is then investigated using cointegration analysis. We are able to establish the existence of positive feedback which is at the centre of cumulative causation. We are also able to date the onset of this mechanism which has driven growth in India for close to half a century by now. This leads us to conclude that the internal dynamics are at least as important as the policy regimes to understand growth over the long term in this country.     

Welfare State, Market Imperfections, and International Trade

Within a two-sector-two-country model of trade with aggregate scale economies and unionisation, a more generous welfare state in one country increases welfare in that country and can have positive spillover effects on the other. Furthermore, synchronised expansions of social security are more welfare enhancing than unilateral ones. Our results counter the fears that a race to the bottom in social standards may result from the ‘shrinking-tax-base’ entailed by international capital mobility. While affecting trade patterns and income distribution, capital mobility interacts with welfare state policies in increasing welfare, even when capital flows out of the country that initiates the shock.

网络成瘾学生的教育引导策略研究

网络成瘾与人格倾向、人际交往、社会支持和元认知等因素相关。针对少数学生网络成瘾,高校要予以关注、预防,鼓励他们进行人际交往,改善其现实社会支持系统,有针对性地进行目的、计划、自控和意志能力训练,积极加以引导和调适。     

英美法系双层次因果关系之借鉴

英美刑法在因果关系的认定上采双层次模式,先进行事实因果判断,再进行法律因果判断。事实因果判断以but-for原则为核心,在“并行因果关系”和不当扩张处罚范围的场合应当分别采用NESS标准和实质因素标准进行修正。法律因果判断以“近因”为核心,旨在考察行为发生结果的盖然性和介入因素造成结果的盖然性比较。预见说有主观归罪嫌疑,观念说过于抽象,政策说将行为人作为工具看待,它们均存在缺陷,只能作为判断“近因”的考察因素。英美法系的双层次因果关系判断相比大陆法系的因果关系理论逻辑清晰,渗透主观要素,实用主义色彩明显,值得大陆法系刑法理论借鉴。     

先易后难?机会新颖性、有用性和创业者机会开发时机选择

创业是面向未来的活动,创业者如何选择创业机会开发时机是个有意义的问题.本文通过整合机会的评价维度,围绕创新性刻画机会特征,基于识解水平理论视角,通过对364名商科学生和228名创业者的两次问卷式实验,分别探究机会特征与创业者近期、远期开发意向之间的关系.结果显示,机会的新颖性和有用性会显著增加创业者的机会开发意向,但二者对应的时间距离不同:有用性对于创业者近期开发意向作用要大于新颖性,而对于远期机会开发意向新颖性的重要性要高于有用性.同时,创业者的决策逻辑会影响这一关系:效果推理能够强化新颖性对近期机会开发意向的影响,因果推理能够弱化新颖性与远期机会开发意向的关系.本文的研究结论补充了创业领域中的时间维度研究,加深了对创业者心理过程的理解,对创业者规避时间决策偏差有一定的指导作用.     

Key Success Factors for Tourism Resort Management

Abstract

NEW HORIZONS IN TOURISM: STRANGE EXPERIENCES AND STRANGER PRACTICES. By Tej Vir Singh. CABI Publishing (Nosworthy Way, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8DE UK), ISBN 0-8519-9863-1, 2004, xv + 221-pp. (tables, photographs, bibliography), £49.95 (hardbound). Reviewed By C. Michael Hall

DESTINATION MARKETING ORGANISATIONS. By Steven Pike. Elsevier (The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, OX5 1GB, United Kingdom), ISBN 0-0804-4306-0, 2004, 231-pp. (bibliography, indices), £59.99 (hardbound). Reviewed By Chris Ryan     

Monopoly Power and Stagflation

Post Keynesian economists have followed Joan Robinson's criticism of general equilibrium theory as abolishing history by allowing all contracts to be executed today for all future contingencies. This was the justification for the support of financial innovation to provide for the completeness of futures markets. The recent crisis has shown that force of history. Instead, many evolutionary and Keynesian economists have suggested the approach of cumulative causation as an approach that includes history and eschews equilibrium. This approach may provide a way to take history seriously in economic analysis.     

Convergent cultural evolution and multilevel selection: Reply to comments on Janet Landa’s ‘The bioeconomics of homogenous middleman groups as adaptive units: Theory and empirical evidence viewed from a group selection framework’

The comments on Janet Landa’s (J Bioecon 10(3):259–278, 2008) target article provide a fascinating snapshot of how multilevel selection theory is perceived across several disciplines. When we focus on the zone of agreement among the commentators, Landa’s article provides an important example of convergent cultural evolution. When we focus on the zone of disagreement, we find a snapshot of the current status of the group selection controversy that goes beyond narrow scientific issues and requires a ‘truth and reconciliation’ process to resolve, as discussed in my series of blogs titled “Truth and Reconciliation for Group Selection” (Wilson , 2009) and briefly summarized here.      

Trade, investment and growth: nexus, analysis and prognosis

Patterns of causation between income, export, import and investment growth for 39 developing countries are examined using model selection techniques which are based on ex ante predictive ability criteria to identify the best predictive model for each country. In particular, we look at the incidence of causation and reverse causation between various economic variables which are commonly believed to lead economic growth and find that there is less reverse causation from income to these variables than previously thought. We also construct an index of global business cycle conditions and find that models of countries with high trade exposure, growth rates and investment rates tend to gain in predictive ability from the addition of this variable.