Market structure and rating strategies in credit rating markets – A dynamic model with matching of heterogeneous bond issuers and rating agencies

This paper investigates the impact of rating agencies in a market with asymmetric information. In particular, the role of credit rating agencies as an intermediary between investors and bond issuers is discussed. We model this setting in a dynamic framework in which both rating agencies and bond issuers are of heterogeneous quality. Rating agencies can apply costly research technology to reveal the fundamental nature of bond issuers and engage in rating smoothing. We show that rating smoothing can compensate for low research quality, even though it is accompanied by a quality deterioration in the rating market and market clustering. Moreover, low-quality bond issuers have a general tendency to match with low-quality rating agencies. If investors place a strong emphasis on the reputation of rating agencies, rating markets also tend to be strongly clustered.     

内陆开放型经济试验区引入信用评级机构的相关问题研究

信用评级具有减少信息不对称、实现社会资源优化配置、促进经济良性发展的润滑剂作用,因此,宁夏内陆开放型经济试验区引入信用评级机构十分必要。结合宁夏实际,分析信用评级机构的发展模式,认为内陆开放型经济试验区引入信用评级机构应当采取＂政府推动、市场运作、人行监管＂模式,并且引入后应从提升业务人员水平、完善监管方法、加强业务指导等方面,推动信用评级机构健康发展。     

集团评级是外部评级机构为银行提供信用管理服务的有效契合点

企业集团具有股权关系多层次、产业分布多元化、信息透明度不高的特点,使得商业银行等外部债权人控制风险敞口的难度较大。商业银行如何借助外部评级机构的集团评级服务,对集团客户信贷风险进行有效评价,以实施信用敞口的事前控制。集团评级的关键是,突出以现金流分析为主线的评级理念,研究风险在集团内部的传导机制,关注集团财务弹性分析。     

Are small travel agencies ready for digital marketing? Views of travel agency managers

Digital technology provides new communication and distribution channel for both consumers and suppliers of travel services. Internet enables the travel agencies to adopt digital marketing to attract, inform and serve the travellers. However, in developing countries, the adoption of internet and digital marketing is slow. This study therefore finds it imperative to explore the triggering factors and perceived challenges of digital marketing by travel agencies - an entity whose perspectives do not find much place in the published academic literature. The qualitative study reveals the popular and trusted digital platforms used by the travel agencies. It also presents the factors that inhibit or assist the use of digital marketing by travel service managers.     

论重整企业信用修复的特征、机制与方式

重整企业信用修复日益受到重视,并且司法实践已经开启个案探索,亟待推进重整企业信用修复的制度建设.重整企业信用修复制度应当以企业拯救为目的,以准予修复为原则、不予修复为例外,以主动、高效为根本要求.重整企业信用修复应当构建以"府院协调"为基础,信用服务机构、银行等多元主体参与的机制,并且对信用修复方式进行革新,为重整企业...     

美、德、英三国医药领域技术转移中介组织及其运作机制研究

技术中介组织是促进医药领域科技成果直接进入流通领域,参与市场交换并加速转化的重要中间环节。通过对美国、德国和英国三国的医药领域技术中介组织比较考察和细致分析,可以发现它们相似的模式,背后遵循着共同的内在规律,即科技中介组织在科技与经济、政府与科技之间建立起了有效的联系渠道。借鉴三国经验,中国医药科技中介组织建设宜遵循专业化、综合化、规范化和市场化的发展思路。     

浅析农村征地补偿的保障度

我国快速城镇化进程导致了大量的农用地被征为非农用地,而征地过程伴随土地权益的调整引发了大量的征地冲突和侵权事件。所以本文主要针对在农村土地征收过程中出现的农民权益受到侵害以后补偿不合理的情况,从征地、维权机构和土地估价三个方面进行浅略分析,并大胆提出了个人的想法和解决措施。     

信用评级机构：争议与改革

针对信用评级机构在＂次贷＂危机等一系列事件中的非正常表现,从信用评级机构自身的视角对信用评级提供的信息价值、评级结果公正性和问责机制等争议问题进行剖析,得出以下结论：评级程序和信息来源不透明使得评级结果与事实不符,导致评级信息的价值大打折扣,提高评级透明度是大势所趋;发行人付费模式引发的利益冲突使得评级机构的公正性大受质疑,借着评级程序和信息来源的透明化以及禁止利益冲突的相关规定,加强监管,将有助于评级机构控管利益冲突;美国宪法第一修正案中对言论自由的保护使得评级机构免于民事责任,确立评级机构的民事求偿渠道成为未来的法制改革方向。     

嘉兴社会中介组织的现状与对策

该文根据对嘉兴市社会中介组织的调研,阐述了该市社会中介组织的发展现状;分析了社会中介组织发展中的主要问题;提出了推进社会中介组织发展的战略思路和规范与发展社会中介组织的对策建议.以此为政府有关决策提供科学依据.     

An analysis of e-business adoption and its impact on relational quality in travel agency–supplier relationships

This study analyzes how managers of retail travel agencies perceive the antecedents and consequences of adopting e-business in their supplier relationships. A comprehensive model integrating its antecedents and relational effects is developed and empirically tested using SEM. The study surveyed 101 travel agents in Spain. Research findings indicate that customer pressure has a strong influence on e-communication practices. E-communication with the travel agency's supplier and the pressure exerted by the sector are the main antecedents for e-procurement. Effects of e-business on relational quality are contradictory. E-procurement influences negatively on trust. Conversely, e-communication has a positive impact on trust, thus having a favorable impact on perceived reciprocity and travel agent's commitment to its supplier. Main findings indicate that the use of the Internet is largely driven by normative pressures, and this coercive power has a detrimental impact on trust. To avoid such negative consequences, perceived reciprocity is a prerequisite for committed supplier relationships.