Leaving state sector employment in Russia

I analyse the reallocation of labour and human capital from the state sector to the non‐state sector and non‐employment in Russia. I use a nationally representative household dataset, the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, to study sectoral mobility in early transition using summary measures of mobility and multivariate discrete choice models. The results show that sectoral mobility varies between different skill groups, and in particular that those with university education, with supervisory responsibility and in white‐collar occupations are less likely to leave state jobs for both non‐state employment and non‐employment. The results suggest that in the early stages of transition in Russia mismatch of skills across state/non‐state employment was significant and that non‐state employment consisted mostly of low skill, ‘bad’ jobs.     

收入流动性、代际传递与农村反贫困———异质性视角下新疆30个贫困县的实证分析简

文章从收入流动性、贫困代际传递与反贫困关系的理论研究入手,利用2000—2012年数据,选取新疆30个贫困县为研究主体,运用面板模型和面板误差修正模型分析了三者之间的长期和短期动态关系。研究发现：（1）从长期看,收入流动性、贫困代际传递对反贫困有显著作用,且收入流动性对反贫困的促进作用依赖于该县的贫困水平;（2）短期而言,新疆30个贫困县的收入流动性、贫困代际传递对反贫困的效果存在异质性。因此,建议制定以提高收入流动性和减少贫困代际传递为目标的对策和机制,并注重实行差异化措施来达到反贫困效果。     

好口碑就有好印象吗?社交媒体中奢侈品牌口碑社会属性的负面效应

社交媒体中奢侈品牌口碑的社会属性较为凸显,口碑发布者的先赋地位会影响消费者对奢侈品牌的态度。先赋地位是指个体依赖于性别、原生家庭等先天资源所获得的社会地位。本研究从社会比较的视角,探究口碑发布者先赋地位逆转口碑效价法则的机理和边界,揭示出好口碑却带来坏印象的负面效应。研究结果表明,当口碑发布者具有先赋社会地位时,其正面口碑反而引发口碑接收者的恶意妒忌情绪,使接收者产生负面品牌态度。而且,当口碑接收者有较低社会流动性感知,或口碑内容具有较高品牌显著性时,口碑发布者先赋地位的负面效应更为凸显。本研究改变了社交媒体情境强化口碑效价法则的片面认知,在实践中有助于更深层次地理解社会阶层分化感知对消费者态度的影响,并为奢侈品牌的社交媒体营销提供管理建议。     

OCB视角下的派遣员工激励

经济全球化背景下的产业转移升级和企业用工需求的增长,正推动服务外包业务加快进行。特别是在全球金融动荡的经济环境下,将有更多的跨国公司将其非核心业务外包,以降低成本、增强竞争力,这些因素都将推动劳务派遣用工方式的加速进行。因此,派遣员工的规范、管理、激励等问题亟待解决。文章在激励理论和组织公民行为理论的基础上,分析了不同类型派遣员工组织公民行为的分类和特征,提出基于组织公民行为理论的派遣员工激励策略。     

Interlocking Lives: Employment Mobility and Family Fixity in Three Gentrifying Neighbourhoods of Montreal

This article explores the relationship between employment mobility, family fixity, and gentrification in the lives of 36 residents in and extended commuters to Montreal's southwest borough. Once described as the birthplace of industry in Canada, the neighbourhoods of Saint-Henri, Little Burgundy and Point Saint-Charles have undergone sweeping changes in recent decades. Inner-city areas are not necessarily where one expects to find mobile workers, but this is changing due to shifting gender roles, the rise of dual-income households and gentrification. Michael Savage's concept of ‘elective belonging’ proved particularly useful in understanding this connection. With its proximity to childcare, schools, stores and workplaces, the central city permits a more equitable division of labour within the household. Our place-based approach to mobile work enables us to capture a wide spectrum of experience, ranging from people with extended daily commutes to those whose work takes them away from home for days, weeks or months at a time. Our interviews reveal a connection between employment mobility and family gentrification, as upwardly mobile families find ways to localize other aspects of their lives. The simultaneity of mobility and immobility are often essential, especially in dual-income households. One parent's mobility often leads to the relative immobility of other family members.     

Childhood investments and skill formation

The skills needed to ensure good life chances are rising (and changing) and, despite decades of education reforms, there has been little progress in terms of equalizing opportunities. The impact of social origins on child outcomes persists, and may even strengthen. This suggests that the pursuit of more equality and future productivity come together. A major challenge is to minimize the dispersion of skills. The foundations of policy lie in the realization that learning abilities are formed during the first years of childhood. The pursuit of an optimal human capital policy needs to consider three issues: (1) the uneven capacity of parents to invest in children; (2) the impact of mothers’ employment on child outcomes; and, (3) the potential benefits of early pre-school programmes.