Investment Professionals' Ability to Detect Deception: Accuracy,Bias and Metacognitive Realism

In the first empirical study on the topic, the authors examined the ability of investment professionals to distinguish between truthful and deceptive statements. A random sample of 154 investment professionals made judgments about a series of truthful and deceptive statements, some of which involved financial fraud. Investment professionals' lie detection accuracy was poor; participants performed no better than would be expected by chance. Accuracy in identifying lies about financial fraud was especially poor. Further, participants displayed poor metacognitive realism when assessing their own performance. The theoretical and practical implications for lie detection in the financial industry are discussed.     

“艾青体”诗歌及其诗史建构

艾青的诗充满了对于民族与时代的耶稣般的殉道和忧伤。这份苦难和忧伤于艾青来说是个人之伤民族之痛的融合,是一份民族之爱、人类之爱,是谓之大爱,它构成了艾青诗歌的基本色彩。童年的遭际、游子的苦涩、民族的苦难与象征主义的朦胧、隐晦、忧郁天然契合,并化为一种美学特质渗入他的诗行,从而酿就了独具风格的“艾青体”诗歌。并且,从艾青的漫长的创作过程及其作品,我们看到了一个时代的变迁,因而“史”的性质是明显的:历史发展的曲线与诗人创作的曲线达到了完美的契合。诗人就这样以自己的历经半个多世纪的诗歌创作及其独特的艺术风格真实记载了20世纪的中国,并由此完成了一部诗史的建构。     

当代“人”的发展问题论纲

追求“每个人的自由发展”是马克思主义的精华。由注重“物”到注重“人”是当代世界人类文明发展的基本价值取向,也是“社会主义市场经济体制模式”的题中应有之义。从主体和客体两方面分析,注重人的发展是历史唯物论的基本原理,而不是什么“历史唯心论”。在确定“人”作为现代发展体系的核心之后,中国应力求避免“人本工具论”,而应秉持“人本实质论”;并由“低端人本”向“高端人本”升华。中国改革开放以来,突出的成效是人的主体性的释放和发挥。尽管释放的能量还较小,但是它是具有旺盛生命力的。此文对中国的“第二次革命”促进人自身发展的内在机制、成效及问题作了分析．并就在新的历史阶段如何进一步促进人的自身发展提出五点方略。     

Transforming economics into what? Heterodox economics and critical realism

The volume under review consists of comments on critical realismby heterodox economists. This paper addresses a number of themesfrom the book, e.g., history and reflexivity, sometimes expandingon the authors' comments on critical realism, other times respondingto them on behalf of critical realists. It considers the goalsof critical realism and ask to what extent the book furthersthem. It concludes that the high level of abstraction at whichcritical realism operates encourages those commenting on itto do so at a similarly high level of abstraction. As it stands,critical realism and the contributions to the book are too divorcedfrom the concerns of concrete economic theorising to be of greatuse to practising heterodox economists.     

演化经济学的两种系统观

演化经济学在系统处理方法上呈现出两种不同的主张,一种是以复杂适应系统理论为导向的演化建模分析方法,而另一种则强调多层级本体论和涌现观,并对复杂系统建模持抵制态度,尽管在反对主流经济学微观还原论这一点上两者取得了一致,但建立在相似性理论基础上的复杂系统建模更适合对复杂性存在的描述,而强调比较的、历史的和阐释的多层级本体论和涌现观的系统分析方法则更接近经验事实。     

Experimental research method in a management accounting context

In management accounting the experimental method has been under-utilised compared to other disciplines such as auditing. This paper examines considerations necessary in experimental design to ensure both internal validity and experimental realism with the aim to increase utilisation of this methodology in management accounting. Task design, experimental design, experimental procedures and post-test questionnaire design are addressed specifically as they form the basic building blocks of most experiments. This paper also examines 'lessons' learned both in the design and administration of the experiment to help researchers in the use of the experimental method. Potential changes to the experiment are discussed, as part of an opportunity to improve future research work using the existing or a similar experiment     

Development Direction of Scientific Realism and Instrumentalism in the Field of Science

科学实在论与工具主义的争论已久。科学实在论认为事物本质是真实存在,科学就是揭示这种存在;工具主义者认为所谓的科学规律和科学理论都不是客观实在的反映而是人的认识,科学在人手中只是适应环境的工具。科学实在论与工具主义各有其存在的理由,前者指明了科学研究的方向,后者则始终强调科学理论只不过是人造的概念体系,是人所进行的科学实践的结果。表面上看二者截然对立,实际上二者之间存在着相互让步的空间,二者的发展方向必将是相互渗透、结合。