Tax Base and Crowding‐in Effects of Balanced Budget Fiscal Policy

A dynamic general equilibrium business cycle model is constructed with staggered price adjustment, monopolistic wage setting and distortionary taxation. The government purchases goods, runs an unemployment benefit system and balances its budget through a proportional tax on labour income. A temporary tax‐financed increase in government expenditures can lower the tax rate through a demand‐induced widening of the tax base. It is shown analytically that this allows private consumption to rise, under realistic conditions, despite the negative wealth effect of increased fiscal spending.     

Dividend reinvestment plans: An empirical analysis

This study examines the effect of initiating discount and no discount dividend reinvestment plans on shareholder wealth. The results show a negative response to DRP announcements, which is significantly smaller than that found in studies of new equity offerings. These results are consistent with the Scholes and Wolfson (1989) hypothesis that managers in need of equity capital use DRPs to mitigate the adverse stock price effects of new equity issue announcements. Furthermore, there is a significant difference in the price response of discount and no discount DRPs for industrial firms. This result is supportive of the signaling potential of discount DRPs. Supportive evidence is also found in the analysis of firm characteristics for industrial firms.     

对旅游规划单位无风险经营与旅游规划质量的思考

“旅游开发,规划先行”已在旅游行业中形成共识。目前我国旅游规划总体质量偏低,很大程度上与旅游规划单位不承担规划实施后果的无风险经营有关。有必要在旅游规划市场中引入风险经营机制以规范旅游规划市场,以促进旅游规划质量总体水平的提高。     

基于知识的核心粘性成因及对策分析

核心“粘性”的存在,使基于核心能力的企业永续发展理论受到了质疑。本文从知识的角度入手,探求了核心能力的知识内涵,指出核心能力的最终来源是知识,而核心“粘性”也源于知识的粘滞性。解决对策是建立企业激励机制、信任机制达成企业知识共享和知识创新,从而突破双重粘性,推动核心能力不断的更新和动态提升。     

Financial crisis and persistence: evidence from sticky expectations consumption growth model

We estimate the degree of stickiness in aggregate consumption growth for the U.S. considering the effects of the Great Recession. The behavior of stickiness estimate in the crisis is somewhat as the U-shaped pattern. Our findings imply that during the crisis consumers’ attentiveness to aggregate information has slightly increased, thereby reducing the persistence of aggregate consumption growth. However, the reduction in persistence is transitory. Since 1980, the U.S. faced five recessions and in most of them the degree of stickiness declined, albeit temporarily.     

Crowdfunding: The collaborative economy for channelling institutional and household savings

The financial disintermediation mechanism known as “loan-based-crowdfunding” has recently come under regulation in several countries. This competitive investment and finance vehicle is already well established in the US and British markets.By compiling empirical data from a reference crowdfunding platform, this article compares loan-based crowdfunding with traditional investment vehicles such as investment funds, equities or pension funds.The conclusion of the study is that saving through crowdfunding allows the optimization of a portfolio comprising both institutional and retail investors.     

Using principles of justice to assess the modal equity of regional transportation plans

While equity has been an important consideration for transportation planning agencies in the U.S. following the passage of Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VI specifically) and the subsequent Department of Transportation directives, there is little guidance on how to assess the distribution of benefits generated by transport investment programs. As a result, the distribution of these benefits has received relatively little attention in transportation planning, compared to transport-related burdens. Drawing on philosophies of social justice, we present an equity assessment of the distribution of accessibility in order to define the rate of “access poverty” among the population. We then apply this analysis to regional transportation plan scenarios from the San Francisco Bay Area, focusing on measures of differences between public transit and automobile access. The analysis shows that virtually all neighborhoods suffer from substantial gaps between car and public transport-based accessibility, but that the two proposed transportation investment programs reduce access poverty compared to the “no project” scenario. We also investigate how access and access poverty rates vary by demographic groups and map low-income communities within access impoverished areas, which could be the subject of further focused investments.     

A quantitative analysis of optimal sustainable monetary policies

This study examines the quantitative properties of optimal sustainable monetary policies using a monetary model with a stabilization bias. As in Kurozumi (2008), the optimal sustainable policy is a strategy considered in the absence of commitment technologies; however it is implemented following an optimal quasi-sustainable policy derived by assuming that the commitment technologies are present. This study finds that solving for the policy function of the optimal quasi-sustainable policy yields a result basically identical to the Ramsey-optimal commitment policy under a set of parameters commonly used in the literature. The simulation shows two further results: policymakers have incentive to deviate from the Ramsey-optimal commitment policy when the lagged output gap is large and the optimal quasi-sustainable policy endogenously diminishes the steadfastness of policymakers׳ commitment.     

卓越工程师培养中的实践教学体系研究

按照国家"卓越工程师培养计划"的基本要求,本科学生实践创新能力在本科教学中的地位日趋重要。文章通过对大学生实践实习现状和存在问题进行分析,结合实施卓越工程师计划的实际需求,论述了卓越工程师培养中的实践教学体系建设,并对优化现有实践教学资源环境,改革学生实习制度及加强大学生实践实习基地建设进行了研究。     

施工方案措施的选取对最高投标限价影响研究

国有资金投资的建设工程招标,必须编制招标控制价(最高投标限价)[1],概预算定额在今后相当长的一段时间内还是最高投标限价的编制基础,估算指标还处于不断补充、不断更新的过程,有的地方甚至缺乏完整的体系.在完善工程计价依据,加强工程造价数据积累及施工合同履约管理的过程中,工程招标投标及最高投标限价如何自主报价、竞争定价成为...