采取网络型的政府市场供给模式应对房价问题

面对不断飙升的房价,从理论界到政策层面对其原因都有不同的解读,但从实践结果来看对房价的治理并不理想。本文在综合分析理论研究与国家调控政策的基础上,认为创新措施采取网络型的政府市场供给模式是解决房价过快上涨的有效途径。文章着重对这一模式进行了分析,并认为此举对缓解供需矛盾、解决市场的信息不对称、市场操控、改变预期、稳定房价等都有非常重要的作用。     

The housing question in Japan

This article first examines how bad housing conditions are in Japan based on international comparisons. The next question is whether the extremely high land prices in Japan can be explained by economic logic. We then turn to more specific housing policy questions that are peculiar to or important in Japan, such as the tax advantages of owning land that have caused under-utilization of land and the reasons why the average size of Japanese rental housing is so small.     

中国住宅投资引领经济增长吗?

本文运用1985—2009年中国各省、直辖市、自治区的数据,对住宅投资与经济增长之间的领先—滞后关系进行分析。结果表明,无论是1985—2009年全时段还是以1998年大规模房改为分界线的分时段,无论是全国各省市还是分区域的各省市面板数据,经济增长引领住宅投资的单向Granger因果关系是稳定的;不同于一些研究和政策措施所主张的住宅投资引领经济增长的观点,本文认为找不到证据来支持住宅投资带动经济增长的论点。由此可见,所谓"住宅引领增长假说"在我国并不成立,而我国自上世纪90年代中期以来一直大力促进住宅投资以带动经济增长、把住宅建设当作国民经济的新增长点和支柱产业的政策值得反思。     

Spatial Competition and Shopping Externalities: Evidence from the Housing Market

In search markets, greater spatial concentration of sellers increases price competition. At the same time, though, a greater concentration of sellers can create a shopping externality by attracting more buyers to the site. Using housing sales data, we test for spatial competition and shopping externality effects on prices and marketing time. We find that they reflect both competitive and shopping externality effects from surrounding houses, although the relative strength varies with how fresh the house is in the market, the freshness of surrounding houses, and the phase of the market cycle. New listings have the strongest shopping externality effect on neighboring houses that have been on the market for some time. Vacant houses have their strongest competition effects in the declining market and externality effects in the rising market. Fresh houses on the market reap little benefit from shopping externalities in all phases of the market cycle.     

公共住房项目PPP模式研究

公共住房建设是政府实现住房领域公平目标的重要手段,但由于其社会福利属性,面临着资金来源不足、后续发展乏力的困境。文章将普遍应用于国内外基础设施领域的PPP模式引入公共住房建设领域,对PPP模式的中国公共住房项目进行内部、外部条件分析,论证研究的可行性;在此基础上结合经济适用房与廉租房的不同特点探索具体操作形式;对保障高效合作的运行机制进行探讨,以推进城镇公共住房建设发展。     

Hedging house price risk with futures contracts after the bubble burst

This paper extends the existing literature on managing house price risk. While previous work finds that a hedger would have reduced a large amount of variance in housing returns in Las Vegas, Nevada using Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) futures contracts, we show that neither static nor dynamic strategies would have maintained an effective hedge during the significant decline in housing prices. The inability to hedge house price risk using CME futures contracts ultimately calls into question the long-term viability of housing futures.     

房地产市场泡沫测度:珠三角实证

准确测度一国或地区的房地产市场泡沫水平和投机程度,是正确认识和有效解决房地产市场相关问题的基础.2008年,我国房地产市场价格在持续快速上涨后出现一定程度的回落,在市场的波动中如何准确测算其泡沫程度值得关注.目前对于房地产泡沫的测度方法不一,本文综合采用多种方法测算珠三角房地产市场泡沫,力求全面准确反映房地产市场真实的泡沫程度和房价合理度.结论显示:珠三角各地市房地产市场都存在不同程度的泡沫,当前的房价不尽合理,首付款和还贷压力均成为抑制市场需求的瓶颈.     

论住房保障制度的法律价值

住宅问题是关系民生,关系社会和谐的关键问题。一方面,住宅权是一项基本人权,建立住房保障制度是政府的法律义务,政府应建立合理的住房保障制度,保障中低收入者居者有其屋;另一方面,建立住房保障制度要以实现社会正义为价值目标,在住房保障制度的设计中应遵循差别原则,调节社会和经济利益分配,将高收入者的一部分收入适当地转移给低收入人群,使处于住房最不利地位的贫困者能够尽可能大地获得住房利益。     

Demand substitution across US cities: Observable similarity and home price correlation

This paper studies demand substitution in the context of US cities. Demand substitution occurs when individuals on the margin between certain city pairs affect demand patterns in the aggregate, causing certain cities to be better substitutes than others. Using a discrete model of city choice, I derive two predictions for migration flows and test them empirically using city-to-city migration data from the US Census. I show that cities which are similar on a variety of observable measures have higher levels of gross migration flows in the steady state and higher net migration flows in response to labor demand shocks. Finally, I propose pairwise correlation in metropolitan home prices as a price-based measure of substitutability and show that it contains substantial predictive power for migration flows relative to observable similarity.     

中国的房价与地价:理论、实证和政策分析

本文采用四象限模型、格兰杰因果检验和误差修正模型等分析方法,从理论、实证和政策等方面对中国房价与地价关系以及市场结构和政府供地方式的转变对二者关系的影响进行系统、深入地研究,并对进一步规范房地产市场秩序,理顺地价和房价形成机制等提出政策建议。研究结果表明,短期内房价决定地价,长期内二者相互影响。与协议出让方式相比,土地招拍挂出让通过促进土地市场的买方竞争、降低房地产增量市场的垄断性,在显化土地价格的同时,降低了地价对房价的影响程度。