实现企业物流的信息化

信息技术的发展深刻地影响着物流的发展和变革。物流信息化是现代物流发展的趋势。本文从物流发展历史的角度,阐述了现代物流信息化的内涵及信息在物流中的重要作用;并讨论了现代物流信息化的目标(如提高物流效率、提高各种服务品质、降低物流成本等)、物流信息化所需的EDI、VAN、POS、EOS等信息技术,以及怎样实现物流的信息化。     

Comparing the impact of management support on police officers’ perceptions of discretionary power and engagement: Australia,USA and Malta

Abstract

This paper uses Social Exchange Theory as a lens for comparing the impact of management support upon police perceptions of discretionary power and employee engagement, across three countries. A survey-based, self-report process collected data from 193 police officers in Australia, 588 from the USA, and 249 from Malta. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data. The findings suggest a significantly different management support context across the three countries, as well as significantly different perceptions of discretionary power. Across the three countries, police perceived relatively poor satisfaction with organizational management support and only some engagement levels. However, USA police perceived significantly more discretionary power than the other country samples. These findings provide greater clarity about the link between management support, discretionary power and engagement for the police officers. Since employee engagement likely affects policing outcomes, the findings suggest that poor management support of police officers could negatively affect the provided service. Potential strategies to enhance police engagement include (a) training police managers about how to manage so as to promote greater engagement, and (b) modifying police managers’ performance indicators in line with achieving better police engagement.     

Social exchange: Empirical examination of form and focus

We investigate similarities and differences among prominent types of social exchange (psychological contract fulfillment, perceived organizational support, trust in the organization, leader-member exchange, and trust in the supervisor) and propose that two higher-order factors represent social exchanges with the organization and with the supervisor. We investigate their prediction of important employee work attitudes, citizenship behaviors, and performance. Based on data from 448 employees, empirical tests support the existence of organization- and supervisor-directed social exchanges. Tests using structural equation modeling support unique predictions of attitudinal and behavioral work outcomes.     

The impact of management on the engagement and well-being of high emotional labour employees

Australia, like many other countries, suffers high turnover of nurses and police officers. Contributions to effectively manage the turnover challenge have been called for, and there are few Australian studies of nursing/policing turnover intentions. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of supervisor–subordinate relationships and perceived organisational support (POS) upon engagement, well-being, organisational commitment and turnover intentions. Second, we examined the similarities and differences between nursing and policing work contexts. The retention of nurses/police has been investigated from traditional management perspectives; however, we used a different theoretical approach – social exchange theory – and evaluated its utility as a framework. Findings are from Australian data collected during 2010–2011 from 510 nurses and 193 police officers, using a survey-based, self-report strategy. Partial least squares path modelling was used to analyse these data. Results indicated that for both samples, engagement predicts well-being and then, well-being predicts affective commitment and intentions to leave. MANOVA results suggested that nurses had significantly higher levels of satisfaction with their supervisor–subordinate relationships, POS, engagement, well-being and affective commitment than police officers. Only the intention to leave was similar for both groups. Given that turnover can be influenced by supervisors/management, this study provides new knowledge about targeted retention strategies.     

条形码技术在超市POS系统中的应用

介绍了超市应用的POS系统主要构成与功能,条码应用的原理,条码技术在超市管理中的应用。     

Exploring Point of Sale Strategies for Improving Seafood Retailing: The Case of the Australian Oyster Industry

The commodification of many food products, combined with increasing market share of supermarkets, has increased the importance of point of sale (POS) strategies in specialty food retailers such as fishmongers. This study seeks to develop strategies to improve the retailing of seafood in fishmongers, specifically oysters, an underutilized species; although they are eaten by many consumers, purchase frequency is low. A literature review identifies the key drivers and barriers to oyster consumption and the information consumers want at POS. Based on these findings, a retailing strategy is developed and tested in two consumer focus groups with results informing revisions to the recommended retail strategy, importantly including a change in collateral from a production focus to a consumption focus. This study contributes to theory and practice by bringing together the existing literature on drivers and barriers and consumer information requirements about oysters to develop and to test practical retail strategy concepts.     

境内人民币银行卡清算组织的反垄断法监管--基于“强制推行POS直联”案例的研究

中国银联是目前我国境内唯一的人民币银行卡清算组织,应预防和制止其滥用基础网络业务的市场支配地位排除、限制发卡和收单等竞争性业务领域的竞争。本文在论证《反垄断法》对中国银联的适用性基础上,着重分析中国银联强制推行POS直联的垄断行为本质,指出其涉嫌滥用基础网络业务的市场支配地位,实施了拒绝交易和搭配销售。制止中国银联的垄断行为,保护市场公平竞争,不仅需要理清反垄断法监管与中国人民银行监管的关系,还要剥离纵向一体化企业“银联商务”。     

基于VB的超市POS前台收银系统的设计与实现

本系统运用计算机管理技术,通过建立数据库,对超市的销存过程进行控制、记录,实现了对超市的销售和库存的科学管理。本设计主要负责超市收银系统的前台收银POS端,主要包括以下几大窗体模块:收银员登录模块、收银主窗体模块、挂单/取单模块、收款模块。各模块相互独立,同时又构成统一的整体。使用方便、操作简单,高效便捷。     

网上支付对POS支付影响效应的实证研究

网上支付实现了超越时空约束的远程支付,为持卡人提供了更大的支付便利,降低了支付行为的社会成本。我国电子支付的两个主要方式——网上支付与POS支付都处于快速发展阶段,但在购物等一些应用上,二者似乎已经出现了竞争与替代关系。本文使用VAR模型的脉冲响应函数,实证研究了网上支付对POS支付的影响效应。