简化一般均衡模型中一般均衡点的确定

经济学教材在讨论一般均衡的时候,往往以两个人、两种生产要素、两种产品这种最简单的社会作为研究对象,它们通常只阐述了一般均衡的存在,但都没有说明这种最简单的社会一般均衡点的确定即以此作为研究对象。     

Efficiency comparisons between two estimators based on matrix determinant Kantorovich-type inequalities

We first establish two matrix determinant Kantorovich-type inequalities. Then, based on these two and other inequalities, we introduce new efficiency criteria and present their upper bounds to make efficiency comparisons between the ordinary least squares estimator and the best linear unbiased estimator in the general linear model. We provide numerical examples to examine the upper bounds of some new and old efficiency criteria. Received: June 1999     

我国发展市政债券的战略选择

从国际经验来看,市政债券是地方基础设施建设的重要融资工具,因此我国发展市政债券具有重要意义。该文从市政债券的分类与特性出发,分析了不同类型债券的特征以及发行所需要的条件,并提出了发行市政债券的战略选择：即优先发展收入债券,而一般责任债券因发行条件在整体上尚不成熟,应坚持先试点后推广的发展路径。     

施工总承包特级企业市场交易资质匹配研究

施工总承包特级企业是我国建筑业企业的龙头,其市场行为是否与其自身的资质和能力相匹配,影响建筑市场秩序和建筑行业的健康发展.文章在界定建筑业企业市场交易资质匹配概念的基础上,选取"中标次数"、"中标率"、"中标总金额"、"平均单位标段强度"、"中标次数修正指标"、"中标次数百分比修正指标",以及"中标金额百分比修正指标"和"平均单位标段强度修正指标",建立了相应的施工总承包特级企业市场交易资质匹配度测算模型,并利用2009年南京市建设工程交易数据进行了实证分析.测算结果与企业实际市场表现基本一致,表明模型建立科学,模型测算分值(QMI)能够反映企业在某一特定市场交易中的资质匹配状况.     

一类新的反Smarandache几何级数周期行列式

本文定义了一类新的反Smarandache几何级数周期行列式,并利用初等数论的方法和行列式的性质,对这类行列式进行了研究,给出了它们的通项公式。     

Overlapping Generations or Infinitely-Lived Agents: Intergenerational Altruism and the Economics of Global Warming

Do we need an overlapping generations model for the economics of global warming? To answer this question, an infinitely-lived agent (ILA) approach and an overlapping generations (OLG) model are contrasted. ILA and OLG can be viewed as polar representations of intergenerational altruism. With ILA an immortal agent acts through his investment/savings decisions as trustee on the behalf of the future generations. With OLG, agents need not behave altruistic. They simply save during working years and dissave completely during retirement. Nevertheless, ILA and OLG must not differ in their implication for greenhouse policy. Greenhouse gas abatement is a straightforward alternative to physical capital formation and, even without altruism, each age cohort has an incentive to provide current abatement in order to reduce future damages attributable to climate change. Indeed, under reasonable assumptions and parameter values, our simulations reveal such an invariance result. Provided carbon taxes are the only policy tool and tax revenues are recycled through socially mandated rules, projections of economic growth, climate change and energy consumption are only insignificantly affected by the choice of approach.     

Deposit insurance and bank regulation in a monetary economy: a general equilibrium exposition

Summary. It is commonly argued that poorly designed banking system safety nets are largely to blame for the frequency and severity of modern banking crises. For example, underpriced deposit insurance and/or low reserve requirements are often viewed as factors that encourage risk-taking by banks. In this paper, we study the effects of three policy variables: deposit insurance premia, reserve requirements and the way in which the costs of bank bailouts are financed. We show that when deposit insurance premia are low, the monetization of bank bailout costs may not be more inflationary than financing these costs out of general revenue. This is because, while monetizing the costs increases the inflation tax rate, higher levels of general taxation reduce savings, deposits, bank reserves, and the inflation tax base. Increasing the inflation tax rate obviously raises inflation, but so does an erosion of the inflation tax base. We also find that low deposit insurance premia or low reserve requirements may not be associated with a high rate of bank failure.Received: 2 January 2002, Revised: 1 March 2003JEL Classification Numbers: D5, E5, G1.B. D. Smith: Sadly, our co-author, colleague and dear friend, Bruce D. Smith, died on July 9, 2002.