Co-movement in Stock Prices in Emerging Economies: The Case of the Caricom Region

The Grand Anse Declaration of 1989 recognised the need for financial integration within the emerging economies that comprise the CARICOM region, as a way of furthering the wider process of economic integration and, indeed, economic development in that region. Using co-movement as a measure of financial integration, this paper investigates the co-movement in stock prices among the Barbados, the Jamaica and the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchanges, the three major exchanges within the CARICOM region. It also examines how integrated these exchanges are with the New York Stock Exchange. The GARCH-Copula methodology and, to a lesser extent, estimated correlation coefficients, are used to attain this objective. There appears to be co-movement in stock prices and returns within the CARICOM stock markets and significant dependence structures between the returns of the three CARICOM stock markets. However, there is considerably less evidence of integration between the CARICOM markets and the New York Stock Exchange.     

Determinants of time varying co-movements among international stock markets during crisis and non-crisis periods

In this paper, we use the DCC MIDAS approach to assess the validity of the wake-up call hypothesis for developed and emerging markets during the global financial crisis (GFC). We use this approach to decompose the total correlations into short- (daily) and long-run (quarterly) correlations for the period from 1999 to 2011. We then examine the transmission mechanisms by regressing the quarterly economic, financial, and behavioral variables on the quarterly DCC–MIDAS correlations. We find that country specific factors are crisis contingent transmission mechanisms for the co-movements of emerging country pairs and mixed pairs of advanced and emerging countries during the global financial crisis. However, we do not observe wake-up calls in the transmission of the crisis among advanced country pairs. The classification of the transmission mechanisms for crisis and non-crisis periods with the different country pairs has important implications for crisis management as well as for portfolio investment strategies. Thus, our findings contribute to the discussion on the role and effectiveness of the international financial architecture.     

The dynamic interrelation between external finance and bank credit

This article studies the interrelation among the volumes of bonds and stocks issued by non-financial firms, and levels of industrial loans outstanding in the United States. These aggregates are co-integrated and characterized by asymmetric volatility. Their co-movements are driven by financial indicators such as the yield spread, size of loan market and market volatility. Bond and stock issuance are positively correlated, and even more so during the expansionary phase of the cycle. Loans outstanding and bond issuance are negatively correlated, and their substitutability increases in periods of economic downturn, highlighting the importance of bond markets to mitigate credit crunches.     

Realised higher moments: theory and practice

This paper examines the incorporation of higher moments in portfolio selection problems utilising high-frequency data. Our approach combines innovations from the realised volatility literature with a portfolio selection methodology utilising higher moments. We provide an empirical study of the measurement of higher moments from tick by tick data and implement the model for a selection of stocks from the DOW 30 over the time period 2005–2011. We demonstrate a novel estimator for moments and co-moments in the presence of microstructure noise.     

Speculative bubbles,financial crises and convergence in global real estate investment trusts

We test for price bubbles in 14 national real estate investment trust (REIT) markets, and measure the degree of their convergence towards a common trend. Our methodology consists of the recently developed test of Phillips, Shi and Yu (2014) for mildly explosive processes, and the Phillips and Sul (2007) method for modelling convergence among random variables. We find evidence of explosive behaviour in index levels of seven of the 14 markets. In contrast, explosive dynamics are found in only one price/dividend ratio. More than half of the episodes of explosive behaviour are date-stamped to periods prior to the 2007–2009 financial crisis. We also discover a number of periods over which the markets converge towards a common trend. Interestingly, all of the convergence intervals coincide either with periods of crisis, or with periods of market exuberance. For instance, evidence of convergence is found during the 2000 dot-com crash, the 2007–2009 subprime crisis and the 2010–2013 European sovereign debt crisis, as well as over the bubble period of 2004–2005.     

On the co-movement between coffee and cocoa prices in international markets

In this article, we study the movement between cocoa and coffee prices, two close substitute commodities. Using the ARDL approach developed by Pesaran et al. (2001), we found that the two prices are cointegrated. The long-run elasticity of coffee price with respect to the cocoa one is estimated at 0.88. Also, using the lag-augmented VAR approach of Toda and Yamamoto (1995), which is valid whatever the order of integration of the data, the cocoa price is found to granger cause the coffee price and not vice versa. This finding suggests that models aiming at forecasting coffee prices should incorporate cocoa prices as well.     

次贷危机前后中国内地与亚洲主要股票市场联动性分析

2007年美国房地产市场上引发了一场次贷危机,由这场危机开始引发了全球性的金融危机。本文通过协整检验和建立误差修正模型分析亚洲六个主要股票市场之间的关联关系,次贷危机前后各阶段检验结果表明六个市场之间存在协整关系。利用方差分解和格兰杰因果检验来确定短期影响因素,本文重点研究其他股市对中国内地股市的影响,结果表明,在次贷危机发生之前中国内地股市受其他经济体股市波动的影响较大,次贷危机之后中国内地股市对其他股市的影响变大。方差分解的结果说明中国内地股市的波动绝大部分来自于自身的冲击。     

从亚洲外汇市场演变看人民币国际化进展

在2001—2004期间,亚洲货币的外汇交易量增长比全球市场更加迅速,其中人民币外汇交易增长特别强劲。对人民币未来预期因素似乎正在加入到美元日元即期汇率形成机制中并对亚洲外汇市场施加着重要影响。总体看来,具有更加弹性汇率的亚洲货币将以有效汇率为导向进行交易,美元的影     

Regional output growth and the impact of macroeconomic shocks in Mexico

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between national and regional output growth in Mexico, and the impact of domestic and international shocks on national, regional and state output movements. Our results suggest that there are similarities, but also significant differences, in real output dynamics across the regions and states of Mexico and that it would be wrong to regard the Mexican economy as a homogeneous entity. The results show that real output growth in Mexico and the United States are linked, but there is no common output trend for the two countries. At the regional level, it appears that North and Central Mexico share similar features, but the path of output growth is more distinctive in South Mexico. Overall, our results suggest that assessments of macroeconomic performance, and related discussions of policy, should pay greater attention to the potential diversity in regional performance.     

Industry co-movement and cross-listing: Do home country factors matter?

This paper investigates the co-movement of American depositary receipts (ADRs) and the industry returns of home and U.S. markets with a focus on industry co-movement by applying time-varying and constant copulas model specifications. We also examine the impacts of country-specific factors on the industry co-movement in cross-listing issue. Co-movements are found in relation to the industry returns and economic asymmetry. The industry co-movement of ADR is higher with home country than that with the U.S., supporting the fundamental view. The results pertaining to the ADR-home pairs are as follows: (1) during economic recessions, the factors of influencing industry co-movement include import and the number of listed companies; (2) in contrast, during economic booms, industry co-movement is significantly influenced by energy import, export, import, the number of listed companies, and high-tech export. The factors that impact the industry co-movement of ADR-US contain foreign direct investment, reserve, cash surplus, energy import, and the number of listed companies.