对中国农村正规金融低效问题的实证分析

中国农村正规金融虽然近年来有了很大的改善,但仍然存在较多的问题,成为影响农业发展以及农村经济的重要因素之一。本文首先对农村正规金融系统组成机构进行了客观的描述,分析农村正规金融的现状,通过比较突出中国农村正规金融的特性和存在的问题。其次运用计量经济模型对农村正规金融与农村经济的关系进行实证分析,结果显示中国的农村金融借贷对农业发展具有长期正关系。最后针对中国农村正规金融存在的问题,提出了改善农村正规金融的相应措施。     

从认知角度看“上”和“下”的方位性隐喻

隐喻不仅是一种语言现象,更是一种人类的认知现象。人们借助于隐喻实现了语言行为、社会活动等诸 方面的概念,即将情绪、身体状况、数量、社会地位等投射到方位性隐喻概念上,形成了用表示方位的词语表达抽象概 念的语言。     

我国制造业环境管制的实证研究

从制造业的角度出发,分析了政府对环境管制(ER)的两种形式:正式管制(FER)和非正式管制(I-ER),建立了环境管制均衡方程,并且采用面板数据的分析方法对理论假设进行了验证。研究表明,假设的影响制造业环境管制的主要因素:政府保护意愿、劳动密集程度、产业规模、经济外向度、产业国有化程度、科技吸收转化支出和劳动力素质的高低均产生了显著的影响。     

Schema strength,processing opportunity,and the rewarding nature of incongruity resolution in advertising

Extant literature calls for more research to identify the boundary conditions as well as the process underlying the effects of ad messages that violate specific brand beliefs. This paper examines different levels of ad–brand incongruity, considering brand schema strength and processing opportunity as factors that influence the perception and the resolution of incongruity. Moreover, it provides empirical evidence for the process mediating attitudinal responses to ad–brand incongruity. Experiment 1 shows superiority for moderately incongruent ads over congruent and extremely incongruent ads which is eliminated when participants have a weak, as opposed to a strong, brand schema. Experiment 2 replicates the nonmonotonic pattern for strong, real brands but further shows that low processing opportunity favors congruent ads. Mediation analysis reveals that the psychological satisfaction experienced during the ad interpretation process has an asymmetric mediating effect, such that moderate levels of ad–brand incongruity generate highest levels of satisfaction which then leads to more positive responses.     

Informal Employment and the Structure of Wages in India: A Review of Trends

The “alternative”, “atypical” or “informal” workforce has grown in developed and developing countries alike. One of the more recent evolutions of informal employment has been of informal employment within formal enterprises. In the interest of flexibility and cost‐reduction, many formal firms increasingly resort to hiring workers on a temporary or informal basis. Alongside, and perhaps, as a result of the persistence and pervasiveness of informal employment, issues relating to inequality have come to the fore. This paper is motivated by these two intertwining aspects of Indian labor market—informality and wage inequality. Using nationally representative sample data, the paper examines trends in wage inequality among various forms of informal workers, overlaying these findings with broader trends in inequality. Using a regression based inequality decomposition, the paper compares the sources of wage inequality across different employment groups and the reasons for differences in wage inequality.     

农村民间金融问题与对策探究

农村民间金融的存在弥补了正规金融在农村金融活动中的"缺位",是对正规金融的一种有益补充,在农村经济发展和社会主义新农村建设中发挥着重要作用,但其在发展过程中存在着诸多问题。因此,分析了农村民间金融存在的主要问题,并提出了完善的对策。     

农村小企业融资实证分析——以江苏为例

本文通过对无锡、扬州两地37家农村企业调查,分析了无锡和扬州两地农村小企业融资存在的一些共性:正规金融市场贷款与企业规模、地域有关;民间金融市场贷款与“血缘”有关;抵押担保成为企业从正规金融市场贷款的主要方式;两地企业都存在融资瓶颈,主要体现在贷款审批程序的复杂性、严格的抵押规定或个人担保要求;企业主个人背景对借贷渠道存在相关性。     

正规金融、非正规金融与农户生产经营风险——基于CHFS数据的实证研究

基于CHFS 2015年数据,运用Logit模型剖析农户参与正规金融和非正规金融的影响因素,采用倾向得分匹配法（PSM）系统分析正规金融、非正规金融对农户生产经营风险的化解效应。结果显示：农户的性别、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、健康状况、家庭人口规模、家庭人均收入等因素显著影响农户参与金融借贷;正规金融能够显著化解农户生产经营风险,且对35岁以上的农户、非贫困户、高收入家庭、西部地区农户等群体所起的作用更为显著;非正规金融在农户生产经营风险化解中发挥的作用有限。正规金融能够通过促进农户创业来化解农户生产经营风险。     

信任视角下的家庭借贷行为研究

基于2015年和2017年中国家庭金融调查数据,本文实证研究发现,信任能够提高家庭正规信贷可得性,降低家庭使用非正规信贷的概率。进一步地,信贷可得性的差异带来家庭负债结构的变化,信任能够提升家庭正规信贷占比,降低非正规信贷占比。信任提升家庭资金借出概率,但这种关系并不是单调递增的,而是存在适度信任现象。异质性分析表明,在户主文化程度低的家庭和农村地区家庭,信任对借出的影响更大。因此,本文的结果表明,信任能够在一定程度上缓解家庭融资的困难。