方方《万箭穿心》中的苦难叙事分析

《万箭穿心》中李宝莉遭受的苦难不能仅从个人的、心理的层面专解读,而要把它们置于社会和历史的维度,把政治作为最终的视域。细读文本,可以发现苦难成为一个无法化解的宿命,苦难被抽象化被虚化继而被悬置,引导李宝莉在现实的失败中收获＂精神的胜利＂,而没有社会物质实践支撑的主体性与个人尊严只能是虚假的幻象。叙事上的封闭指示了政治彷徨和解放前景的晦暗,由于作者无意与社会和历史建立起息息相关的存在感,文本在完整写实中暴露了自身逻辑的虚弱。     

Riding High: Success in Sports and the Rise of Doping Cultures

In this paper, I develop a socioeconomic model that can be used to investigate the decisions made by professional athletes concerning doping. In their evaluation of whether to use performance‐enhancing drugs, athletes consider not only costs and benefits (through rank improvement) but also the approval from fellow athletes toward pro‐doping decisions. Peer‐group approval is modeled as a lagged endogenous variable, depending on the share of doping athletes in the history of a sport. As such, the model can explain an equilibrium of high incidence of doping as a “doping culture”. In addition to presenting comparative statics of the equilibrium (i.e., in order to answer the question of how a doping culture can be eliminated), I also investigate how doping decisions are affected by the standards set by the leader in a sport (e.g., Olympic qualification marks), and by the disproportionate public veneration of winners.     

A generalized non-linear forecasting model for limited overs international cricket

This paper proposes a generalized non-linear forecasting model (GNLM) for forecasting the number of runs remaining to be scored in an innings of cricket. The proposed model takes into account the numbers of overs left and wickets lost. The GNLFM can be used to build a model for any format of limited-overs international cricket. However, the purpose of its use in this paper is for building a forecasting model for projecting second innings total runs in Twenty-20 International cricket. Our model makes it possible to estimate the runs differential of the two competing teams whilst the match is in progress. The runs differential can be used not only to gauge the closeness of a game, but also to estimate the ratings of cricket teams that take into account the margin of victory. Furthermore, the well-known original Duckworth/Lewis (DL) model and the McHale/Asif version of it for revising targets in interrupted matches are special cases of our proposed generalized non-linear forecasting model.     

对社会主义必然胜利的若干认识

社会主义间历史发展的必然规律。具有“与时俱进”的理论品质是取得社会主义胜利的根本要求；发展社会主义必须坚持改革，解放和发展生产力；坚持四项基本原则是社会主义必然胜利的根本保证，必须把中国的事办好，为社会主义事业树立成功典范。