When age does not harm innovative behavior and perceptions of competence: Testing interdepartmental collaboration as a social buffer

Can older managers overcome stereotypes relating age to low competence? We integrate the literature on age and cognitive ability with research on innovation to explore whether—and if so, when—employees' age harms performance and promotability appraisals made by their supervisors. Multisource, time‐lag data from 305 project managers indicate that the negative stereotypes can be explained through decreased innovative behavior. However, older employees are not always seen as poorer performers with less potential to be promoted due to their reduced innovative behavior. Rather, interdepartmental collaboration moderates these effects. Specifically, older employees with low interdepartmental collaboration are less innovative and receive worse performance and promotability appraisals than younger employees, but the “age handicap” vanishes when older employees collaborate with members of other departments. Organizations should foster formal or informal collaboration among units to prevent negative consequences of an aging workforce.     

Varieties of paternalism and the heterogeneity of utility structures

A principal source of interest in behavioral economics has been its advertised contributions to policies aimed at ‘nudging’ people away from allegedly natural but self-defeating behavior toward patterns of response thought more likely to improve their welfare. This has occasioned controversies among economists and philosophers around the normative limits of paternalism, especially by technical policy advisors. One recent suggestion has been that ‘boosting,’ in which interventions aim to enhance people’s general cognitive skills and representational repertoires instead of manipulating their choice environments behind their backs, avoids the main normative challenges. A limitation in most of this literature is that it has focused on relatively sweeping policy recommendations and consequently on strong polar alternatives of general paternalism and strict laissez faire. We review a real instance, drawn from a consulting project we conducted for an investment bank, of a proposed intervention that is more typical of the kind that economists are more often actually called upon to offer. In this example, the sophistication of current tools for preference attribution, combined with philosophical externalism about the semantics of preferences that makes it less plausible to attribute their literal self-conscious representation to people as propositional attitude content becomes more tightly refined, blocks applicability of the distinction between nudging and boosting. This seems to call for irreducible, context-specific ethical judgment in assessing the appropriateness of the forms of paternalism that economists must actually wrestle with in going about their everyday business.     

高等职业教育应担负起创新型人才培养的重任

培养创新型人才是高等职业教育的神圣使命,在创新型人才培养中,必须做好转变观念齐抓共育,创造条件加强实践,建立机制引导创新,以点带面不断完善,勇于探索不断创新。     

如何在课堂上培养职业判断能力

会计教学的目的不仅在于训练学生毕业时即已成为一个专业人员,而且是在培养他们未来成为一个专业人员应有的素质。会计教学改革的首要任务,是如何着力提高会计专业学生职业判断能力的培养。会计职业要求不仅要具备良好的理论基础,还必须能够在实践中运用这些知识。会计职业判断就是在符合国家法律法规的前提下,如何在可持续的基础上为所有者价值最大化进行企业会计政策的选择与设计。     

人才强国,关键在于培养和使用好人才

我国是一个人口大国，如何将我国的人口负担转化为人才资源优势，这是党和国家建设事业的关键问题。笔者认为人才强国战略的实施，关键在于培养和使用好人才，在于快出人才，多出人才和出好人才。为此，文章提出了一些人才使用的策略。     

论普通高校的人才管理

21世纪是人才竞争的时代，普通院校要想在这时代的大潮中求生存、求发展，向全国一流大学迈进，就必须建立一支高素质的人才队伍。如何引进人才、留住人才、使用人才并进行人才管理，是学校工作的重中之重。本文就这一问题进行探讨。     

试论企业信息化建设的监管

本文分析了入世后我国现代企业人才培育面临的新机遇与新挑战 ,以及人才培育发展的新趋势 ,并提出了高等学校应采取的一些新对策。     

区域金融创新体系研究

金融创新是金融发展的主要推动力之一,由于每一地区的经济、金融环境各不相同,有必要对区域金融创新体系的建立进行探索与研究,这样才能有针对性的对区域金融、经济的发展提出建设性的建议。因此,为了促进具有区域特色的金融创新的产生和发展,并使金融创新促进本地区的产业升级和经济发展,针对现有研究,文章对区域金融创新体系的概念界定、要素构成、运行机制、功能作用和构建中的实践问题等几个方面进行了分析研究。     

Estimating the Impact of Transgenic Bt Cotton on West and Central Africa: A General Equilibrium Approach

West and Central Africa (WCA)’s cotton sector is experiencing rising production costs and lower yields, reversing decades of growth. Declining input use, soil fertility and inefficient chemical pest controls are contributing factors. We evaluate the potential impact of Bt cotton on WCA using a multiregion general equilibrium model and multicountry estimates of Bt-induced productivity. We find that Bt cotton raises growers’ returns, land value and welfare. Released labor from cotton is shifted to food crops hence reducing labor shortage constraints. Overall, results indicate that potential gross benefits from Bt cotton are substantial for WCA cotton sector, and that the economic costs of nonadoption are equally significant.     

导游专业计算机教学中任务性学习的研究与实践

素质教育的一个重要部分就是学生综合应用能力及探究能力的培养。笔者针对导游专业的特点,在计算机基础教学中引入任务性学习方式,改善了教学效果,提高了该专业学生的计算机综合应用能力及自主探究能力。