PITFALLS IN CROSS‐SECTION STUDIES WITH INTEGRATED REGRESSORS: A SURVEY AND NEW DEVELOPMENTS

In cross‐section studies, if the dependent variable is I(0) but the regressor is I(1), the true slope must be zero in the resulting “unbalanced regression.” A spuriously significant relationship may be found in large cross‐sections, however, if the integrated regressor is related to a stationary variable that enters the DGP but is omitted from the regression. The solution is to search for the related stationary variable, in some cases the first difference of the integrated regressor, in other cases, a categorical variable that can take on limited number of values which depend on the integrated variable. We present an extensive survey, new developments, and applications particularly in finance.     

Passive Investment Strategies and Efficient Markets

This paper presents the case for and the evidence in favour of passive investment strategies and examines the major criticisms of the technique. I conclude that the evidence strongly supports passive investment management in all markets—small–capitalisation stocks as well as large–capitalisation equities, US markets as well as international markets, and bonds as well as stocks. Recent attacks on the efficient market hypothesis do not weaken the case for indexing.     

论法律不完备性与政府介入期货市场

在期货市场上，法律不完备性问题表现得较为突出，法律对于侵害行为的阻吓作用非常有限、期货市场法律的不完备性，主要取决于期货市场的特点和性质。政府采取相关的监管方式管理期货市场非常必要，监管的介入需要满足标准化和损害（外部性）足够高的条件。政府管理期货市场立法和法院执法的作用不可或缺，但更主要的是采用监管的方式。     

Operations of a Pension Fund after the Asian Crisis: The Thai Experience*

During and after the Asian crisis, institutional investors and pension funds in Asian financial markets have been confronted with a number of difficulties effecting their performance and the way they carry out their role within the national pension system. We analyze these problems by comparing the actual investment policy of an institutional investor with an optimal investment strategy derived from the insights of modern portfolio theory. We also analyze whether the organizational set‐up of a pension fund allows it to adequately perform its role within the pension system. As an example, we examine the operations of the Thai Government Pension Fund (GPF). We find that allowing international investments and reducing restrictions on equity investments while lowering the implicit requirements for investments in government debt would allow the GPF to further diversify its investment risk and to increase its risk‐adjusted return. We also show that some changes in the governance structure of the GPF would lower the occurrence of conflicts of interest for the management and increase the efficiency of the GPF operations.     

货币升值对不同产业就业的影响——对亚洲八国汇率与就业关系的经验分析

为了研究人民币升值可能对中国各产业就业影响,且避免单独研究中国数据所产生的局限性,本文选取八个亚洲主要国家和地区的数据,利用面板数据模型进行实证分析。实证结果显示汇率升值将对制造业的就业产生负效应,而对第三产业的效应为正,按照该结果,人民币升值将会给中国本已严峻的就业形势带来更大的压力。根据中国各产业就业形势的当前状况及发展趋势,解决中国就业问题的根本出路在于大力发展第三产业。     

汇率波动、货币错配与银行稳定:理论及经验分析

伴随着经济的开放,汇率波动对银行经营的影响亦越来越大.本币贬值会改变企业和银行的资产负债状况,加剧银行危机.汇率波动与银行脆弱性的理论基础来自三种观点:道德风险论、原罪论和承诺问题论.在本币升值的情况下,银行资产的货币错配可能引发银行危机.我国人民币存在持续的升值压力,随着资本项目的进一步开放,利益驱动下的货币错配将大量暴露在汇率变动的风险中.     

当前人民币汇率升值压力解析--从国际收支状况所进行的分析

本文从国际收支的角度对当前人民币面临的升值压力进行了分析,认为在我国目前情况下,外汇储备的管理重在结构而非单纯是总量,并从建立和完善调节国际收支的市场机制和管理体制等方面,提出了缓解人民币升值压力的对策建议.     

人民币汇率:升值后的效应分析与政策取向

人民币汇率问题关系到中国、周边国家乃至世界经济的良性运行,人民币升值将会对国内经济各方面以及世界经济产生影响。应提高国内企业调整力,进一步开放市场并理性分析外汇储备,在短期内保持人民币汇率稳定。     

关于会计理论体系逻辑起点问题的研究

本文在回顾我国关于会计理论体系逻辑起点研究成果的基础上,分析了以会计假设、会计本质、会计环境、会计目标作为逻辑起点的缺陷及新的研究趋向--双起点论的不足,认为应将会计对象作为会计理论体系的逻辑起点。对于同样以会计对象作为逻辑起点的观点,由于各学者对会计对象内涵定义的不同,其构建的理论体系是存在偏差的。笔者认为以价值增值运动为会计对象是合理的选择,并以此作为逻辑起点构建了会计理论体系的粗略框架。     

人民币升值路径及其福利效果

人民币升值路径可以从时间路径和空间路径两个角度来进行研究。在多重的政策目标下，中国目前选择了渐进的升值方式，升值过程中名义汇率与物价水平共同调整。伴随有通货膨胀和资产价格泡沫的升值方式会从增量和存量两个方面改变社会的福利分配，这要求有相应的福利调整措施进行配套，以维护社会的公平和稳定。