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1.
Policies to promote real-time metering (RTM) require more than showing benefits from more timely responses to variations in cost. They require positive externalities to imply that too few meters would be installed through private transactions. RTM presents no systematic externalities when utilities must serve peak period users, and may present negative externalities under some conditions. Positive externalities are likely when electricity is rationed through blackouts. RTM may or may not increase welfare when peak period wholesale markets are not competitive; a prohibition on RTM might be appropriate in such situations even if metering itself were costless. 相似文献
2.
李峰 《贵州财经学院学报》2007,(2):25-29
改革开放以来,我国四大地带产业结构的变动趋势大致相同,但东部各产业的劳动生产率和对经济增长的促进作用要明显优于中、西部和东北.目前四大地带产业排序已由二一三转变为二三一,接下来应促使第一产业的发展与农产品加工工业的发展相互适应,才能使区域的经济增长达到最佳效益.同时,鉴于各地带二、三产业对经济增长促进作用的大小同各产业从业人员的劳动生产率成正比,地区产业结构的调整还应注意劳动生产率的提高. 相似文献
3.
4.
We analyze welfare and distributional properties of a two-settlement system consisting of a spot market over a two-node network and a single energy forward contract. We formulate and analyze several models which simulate joint dispatch of energy and transmission resources coordinated by a system operator. The spot market is subject to network uncertainty, which we model as a random capacity derating of an important transmission line. Using a duopoly model, we show that even for small probabilities of congestion (derating), forward trading may be substantially reduced, and the market power mitigating effect of forward markets (as shown in Allaz and Vila 1993) may be nullified to a great extent. There is a spot transmission charge reflecting transportation costs from location of generation to a designated hub whose price is the underlying for the forward contract. This alleviates some of the incentive problems associated with the forward market in which spot-market trading is residual. We find that the reduction in forward trading is due to the segregation of the markets in the constrained state, and the absence of natural incentives for generators to commit to more aggressive behavior in the spot market (the strategic substitutes effect). In our analysis, we find that the standard assumption of no-arbitrage across forward and spot markets leads to very little contract coverage, even for the case with no congestion. We present an alternative view of the market where limited intertemporal arbitrage enables temporal price discrimination by competing duopolists. In this framework, we assume that all of the demand shows up in the forward market (or that the market is cleared against an accurate forecast of the demand), and the forward price is determined using a market clearing condition. 相似文献
5.
This paper seeks to explain how policy actions undertaken at the outset of recent crises—particularly the issuance of extensive liquidity support and government guarantees—absorb off-budget fiscal resources and inappropriately constrain officials’ subsequent options for restructuring their country’s troubled financial and corporate sectors. Empirical evidence supports the commonsense view that the damage a crisis works on a country’s financial sector and on its real economy is lessened by taking market-mimicking actions that promptly estimate and allocate losses during the early stages of a crisis. The most important steps are to plan to call a timeout to separate hopelessly insolvent institutions from potentially viable ones and to provide haircuts, guarantees, and liquidity support in ways that protect taxpayers and avoid subsidizing insolvent institutions’ longshot gambles for resurrection. 相似文献
6.
This paper examines takeover and divestiture activity at the industry level for the population of UK firms over the period 1986–2000. Consistent with US research, takeovers in the UK cluster both across industries and over time. The evidence for divestitures indicates clustering across industries only. The paper further investigates whether broad and specific industry shocks (e.g., growth, free cash flow, concentration, deregulation, foreign competition, technology, stock market performance) explain takeover and divestiture clustering at the industry level. The results suggest that broad shocks increase (decrease) the likelihood of takeovers (divestitures), although not significantly for takeovers. Specific industry shocks that increase the likelihood of takeover activity include low growth, the threat of foreign competition and high stock market performance. For divestitures, high industry concentration and deregulation increase activity. Little evidence is found for deregulation as a significant factor in explaining takeover activity. 相似文献
7.
李震清 《中国农业资源与区划》2017,38(7):213-220
[目的]以产业链延伸为视阈,开展乡村旅游营销模式研究是一种新的探索和尝试,将为乡村旅游未来发展提供一种新的方法和思路。[方法]文章通过调查分析法,针对四川地区影响乡村旅游景点吸引力的出游动机、出游时间、客户群体、交通条件、消费水平和结构、旅游项目、农林资源、综合服务、外部环境、基础设施、当地经济状况、乡村旅游综合性价比、乡村旅游目的地区位条件等指标进行统计分析,以考量产业链延伸视阈下的乡村旅游营销模式是否适应市场的需求,由此解决我国乡村旅游市场营销实际中出现的经营模式与当地实际(如地理区位、农业资源等)的不匹配问题。[结果]通过实地调查和数据分析,影响因素乡村旅游景区吸引力的因素主要以农林自然资源、综合服务能力、交通条件等方面为主。[结论]四川省产业链延伸视阈下的营销模式重点应从产业角度,构建三产协调发展的产业生态系统。 相似文献
8.
本文基于业务沆程再造理论、数字内容理论和开放存取的技术方法,针对两种典型的样本期刊,对出版业务流程进行了对比研究。案例研究发现,传统期刊的出版业务流程在成本、质量、服务、速度等方面存在严重的缺欠,而再造后的网络期刊出版节约了时间和资金,提高了质量,加强了互动的服务,提高了效率,实现了整个出版工作的协调一致,取得了戏剧性的效果。基于此,本文提出对科技期刊业务流程再造的思考。 相似文献
9.
The primary objective of this study is to examine the effect of prior restructuring charges on analyst forecast revisions
and accuracy. We find evidence that analysts respond differently to first-time restructuring firms than to repeat restructuring
firms. Analysts revise their forecasts of both one-year-ahead earnings and five-year long-term growth in earnings more negatively
for first-time restructuring firms than for firms with prior charges. When we examine forecast errors in the year subsequent
to the restructuring, we find that current charges complicate analysts’ earnings forecast task. We further find that the decline
in analyst forecast accuracy is mitigated by prior charges within past two years. 相似文献
10.
We report new findings on bank efficiency in East Asian countries for the pre- and post-IMF restructuring periods. We find
that bank efficiency has improved, but only to the pre-IMF intervention level, and that restructured banks are not more efficient
than their unrestructured counterparts. Different restructuring measures have different effects. Bank closures are economically
justified, but mergers show short-term efficiency losses. Recapitalization and reprivatization of badly performing banks lead
to efficiency improvement, but also increase government ownership. Ease of entry that has allowed for more foreign bank participation
results in slightly improved performance of badly performing banks.
相似文献
Luc Can (Corresponding author)Email: |