基于隐性知识传播的虚拟企业知识协作网络研究

隐性知识是虚拟企业竞争优势的来源,而知识协作又是传播隐性知识的重要途径.知识团体之间的知识协作关系形成了虚拟企业复杂的知识协作网络.为全面把握虚拟企业知识协作网络的结构,建立了基于某隐性知识传播的虚拟企业知识协作无标度网络,并对之进行了深入探讨.     

不同动态理论视角下产业组织空间群聚机制的解释

产业组织群聚是产业组织演化的一个宏观空间特征,是一个典型的具有群聚性的网络动态过程。建立在不同的理论流派基础上对此作出了不同侧面的解释。但基于复杂系统网络演化理论基础上的解释尚很少。本文首先对产业组织群聚的不同经济流派做出比较,在此基础上,探讨网络演化的复杂性和无标度性。论证具有无标度特性的网络所内含的群聚性(Clustering)可以用来解释产业组织群聚特征,从而可扩展已有的产业组织群聚理论解释。     

创新孵化网络演化无标度特征仿真分析

在考虑节点间的关系强度和节点强度承载力的基础上,通过改进BA无标度模型来模拟创新孵化网络演化过程,并利用Matlab仿真技术分析得出创新孵化网络具有无标度特征,主要体现为异质性、集聚性、网络鲁棒性和网络脆弱性。     

Modelling of combinable relationship-based composition service network and the theoretical proof of its scale-free characteristics

Existing works on service composition are primarily based on the requirements of service composition, such as describing language supporting service composition, service composition framework, mechanism and method for service composition, and service composition validation. Few works have been carried out from the perspective of combinable relationship among composite services and composition service network. This article emphasises on combinable relationship-based composition service network, i.e. CoRCS-Net. The principles for establishing and modelling CoRCS-Net were studied, and nine combinable relationships among services in CoRCS-Net were investigated and 14 elementary evolving operators for CoRCS-Net dynamic evolution were designed. According to the definition of scale-free network (SFN) and the investigations on its related research achievements, it is supposed that ‘CoRCS-Net is a scale-free network’ in this study. In order to prove the theoretical hypothesis, the concepts of combinable strength and variation of combinable strength were introduced, and combinable strength is used to describe the invoking times of a service being invoked for service composition. First we calculate the real time variation of combinable strength of an arbitrary service in CoRCS-Net, and then obtain the corresponding real time combinable strength and investigate its distribution for all services in CoRCS-Net. It is discovered that ‘like many nature and social phenomenon, CoRCS-Net is “scale-free”, and it is constructed by few “active services” and a great deal of “silent services”. In the process of service composition, the invoking times for majority services are very small, while only few services are invoked frequently, and the probability (or invoking times) for the services in a CoRCS-Net to be invoked for service composition decays as a power-law’.     

基于复杂网络的山东汽车制造业集群实证研究

本文根据从《山东统计年鉴》中获取的山东省近十年来汽车制造产业相关企业的数据,应用复杂网络相关理论和Pajek软件,从其数学统计特征度分布、平均路径长和聚集系数出发,对山东省汽车产业进行了研究,在复杂网络的统计特征、结构模型以及体现在网络上的动力学行为三个逐次深入的层面,分析了在内外部环境的作用下汽车制造业向更高一级形态演进优化的规律,以期为山东省汽车产业的发展提供积极的理论支持。同时,通过网络调查和实地考察进行了实证性分析,得出的相关研究结果和实际情况基本相符,对山东省汽车产业链条发展趋势预测具有一定的实际参考价值。     

基于中国优秀旅游城市的航空客运网络分析

在近日出台的国务院《关于加快发展旅游业的意见》中,政府将旅游业提升到国家战略层面。旅游业的发展将带动相关产业的快速发展,航空旅游将呈现出良好的发展态势。文章选取国家旅游局网站上公布的优秀旅游城市,运用平均路径长度、簇系数和度分布特征等网络指标,分析1998～2010年中国优秀城市中,通航城市所构成的通航旅游航空网络,及该网络的空间结构特征。研究发现,中国优秀旅游城市中,通航城市网络是具有小世界特性和无标度特性的复杂网络。同时,北京、上海、广州、深圳等枢纽城市节点度最大而簇系数相对偏小,在连通性和客流量方面均具有明显优势,对整体网络的连通与发展具有重要影响。在完善旅游航空网络过程中,强化与这些枢纽城市相关联的其他旅游城市之间的联系显得尤为重要。     

Possible suboptimal diffusions of technological innovations in clustered scale-free networks

Many inter-firm networks take a skewed power-law- or scale-free distribution in which one or a few central actors are connected to numerous peripheral actors. Research argues that central actors can act as early adopters and catalysts for the adoption of technological innovations, but studies are inconclusive regarding central actors’ de facto role in this matter. Peripheral actors in scale-free networks tend to cluster, which implies that they are structurally embedded and mutually dependent. A major thesis in this paper is that clustered peripheral actors in scale-free networks may restrict central actors’ propensity to adopt innovations, and as a result impede their diffusion. The paper discusses which implications this may have for stakeholders in the private and public sector domain and practitioners of strategic management.     

Strong–weak collaborative management in coping supply chain disruption risk transmission based on scale-free networks

Supply chain disruption causes tremendous loss to supply chains and global businesses. Organizational structure and operational features of supply chain networks, therefore, constitute a major portion of research for coping with supply chain disruption risk. This article first discusses the theoretical foundation, analyses the strength theory of strong and weak ties and the collaborative theory of strong and weak ties. Also, research methods are explicated; the scale-free networks and the theory of strong ties are integrated; the features of supply chain networks are considered from single statistical parameters and comprehensive analyses. Next, we provide numeric simulation of the properties of supply chain networks, verifying the accuracy of parameter analyses of single statistics and comprehensive analyses. Ultimately, when coping with supply chain disruption risk, each node enterprise of supply chain network is supposed to deploy the characteristics of scale-free networks to systematically manage existing weak ties, weak ties newly introduced, existing strong ties and strong ties newly introduced. This study is conducive to node enterprises of supply chains to recognize and apply the scale-free networks and the strength theory of ties to analyze the properties of supply chain networks, and to improve the capacity to cope with disruption risk.     

IT微博社会网络结构特征分析

利用体现复杂网络结构特征的指标,比较了IT微博网络与小世界网络和无标度网络的平均最短路径长度和聚集系数,分析了网络节点的度数、介数和接近数,利用最小二乘法对度分布进行拟合,并分析了"度-度"相关性。结果显示:IT微博网络具有小世界和无标度的特征;绝大多数用户只有少量的关系人,介数最大的节点不一定是接近数最大的节点;关系网络的度服从幂律分布;实验网络具有度的异配性,即度值小的节点倾向于与度值大的节点连接,新增加的个体更倾向于与大度数的个体建立联系。     

复杂网络在地理科学中的应用研究进展

近年来,以1998年Watts及Strogatz提出的小世界网络模型和1999年Barabási和Albert提出无标度网络模型为标志,复杂网络研究进入了新的历史发展时期。地理科学研究的问题都具有非线性、复杂性的特点。复杂网络的最新理论与模型在地理复杂系统规律发现等研究方面具有独特的优势。本文在简要介绍复杂网络概念及其发展历史,复杂网络统计性质和主要复杂网络模型基础上,采用文献分析方法,重点综述了复杂网络在地理科学多个领域的研究进展,如产业集群、交通地理、旅游地理、城市体系、贸易地理等。最后,总结了复杂网络在地理科学应用研究中存在的主要问题,并指出复杂网络在地理科学应用研究中的发展方向。