Why will Trump lose the trade war?

ABSTRACT

The escalating U.S.–China trade conflicts have increasingly shadowed the outlook of the world economy. The Trump administration aims to achieve its strategic goals including reducing current account deficits, promoting the U.S. manufacturing sector, and curbing Chinese high-tech industries by waging the trade war against China. This paper argues that the current account deficits and the declining manufacturing sector in the U.S. are mainly driven by its internal structural factors, such as low saving rates, high labor costs, and rising service sector, rather than by the import competition from China. Moreover, the trade war further deteriorates the U.S. current account deficits and erode its comparative advantage, and it forces China to invest more in technological innovation and human capital, and thus promote its progress in high-tech industries. Thus, the U.S. will not be able to achieve its strategical goals and eventually lose the trade war.     

Internal labour markets in the Australian banking industry: their nature prior to the Second World War and their recent decline

This paper uses evidence from late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century personnel records of two Australian banks to examine the nature of internal labour markets prior to the Second World War. It is argued that the industry possessed all the classic features of internal labour markets: limited ports of entry, internal promotion, long careers, and assignment of wages by well-defined rules. The paper then examines the reasons why banks adopted internal labour markets. Finally, the paper examines the recent decline of internal labour markets and examines the role of technological and social changes in this decline.     

Static and dynamic efficiency of pollution control strategies

A great deal of the economic literature on pollution control strategies concentrates on the efficiency of environmental policy instruments. Most analytical studies in this field show that market instruments are more efficient with respect to the cost of pollution abatement of a given number of polluters than non-market instruments. According to several analytical studies, market instruments should also be more efficient with respect to innovation in pollution abatement equipment than non-market instruments. In the empirical literature a great number of case studies exist with estimations of the savings of abatement costs of market instruments in a situation without technological progress. Empirical studies about the impact of environmental policy market instruments on the abatement costs in situations with technological progress are lacking.The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap. The paper deals with an empirical estimation of abatement costs for the emission of SO₂ of coal-fired electricity units in the Netherlands from 1985 to 2000. First, the working of market instruments and non-market instruments (the existing environmental policy of the Dutch government) is simulated in a static situation. Second, we analyse the learning effects of flue gas desulphurization. The efficiency advantage of market instruments turns out to be larger in a situation of technological progress than in a static situation.     

提高我国自主创新能力的思考

本文依据当代经济发达国家经济社会发展经验的总结,并从我国当前全面建设小康社会的客观需要出发,分析了提高自主创新能力在国家经济社会发展战略中的核心地位,提出构建体制基础和科技基础以及营造生态环境,是推行自主创新战略的基本措施。     

重心定理在进度控制中的运用

该文主要讲述重心定理的含义以及在进度控制中如何运用它来解决两个平行工序顺序化的问题，并用一个例子说明其步骤，最后给出三条结论。     

提高我国大型企业国际竞争力的对策

随着我国经济贸易的全面开放,市场竞争日益激烈,如何提高企业的国际竞争力,是我们亟待解决的紧迫课题.我国大型企业也只有不断提高企业国际竞争力,才能应对国际化竞争的各种挑战,从而不断提高我国的综合竞争实力.增强企业国际竞争力,需要从企业内部和外部进行双方面的努力,在内部进行竞争力各要素的科学组合,选择决定性要素加以重点强化,同时也需要为之提供良好的外部环境.     

中日中小企业技术创新之比较

中小企业是我国技术创新体系的重要组成部分，其创新能力和水平如何，直接影响到建设创新型国家的速度与质量。近年来，我国中小企业在技术创新领域取得了丰硕成果，但是同发达国家相比还存在着一定的差距。日本中小企业技术创新所取得的成就处于世界领先地位，研究日本中小企业技术创新的做法，借鉴其成功经验，对于加快我国的中小企业创新体系建设，提高自主创新能力具有积极意义。     

安徽省高技术产业技术创新效率研究

运用因子分析定权法测算安徽省高技术产业的技术创新效率,结果发现技术含量相对较高的产业其技术创新效率较低,而技术含量相对较低的产业其技术创新效率反而较高。这说明安徽高技术产业走技术创新之路仅处于起步阶段,而市场环境是影响安徽技术创新效率的重要因素。     

技术创新中的隐性知识及其流转

技术创新中存在大量的隐性知识,这些隐性知识对企业技术创新活动的绩效与成败起着关键作用。探讨了技术创新活动中隐性知识的表现形式、分布及其特点,利用心理期望理论分析了技术创新中隐性知识的流转机理与途径。     

南京商圈构造及其对策

工业化、城市化、信息化和市场化的互动推动了都市圈的形成。都市圈的形成可以带来分工与资源重组效应、要素的聚集与扩散效应、分享效应以及新型的竞争与合作效应等。在南京都市圈逐步形成的基础上,南京商圈也已初步出现。在南京商圈的进一步发展中,我们应该明确:城市商业结构的总体结构应是商业专业化的形态结构、布局结构、业态结构和技术结构动态组合的过程,南京及周边城市地区要互动调整自己的商业布局、业态与技术结构,选择适合于自身的竞争战略,形成互相竞争与合作的新型区域关系。