如何用遗传算法解决公路客运枢纽选址问题

文中首先分析了公路客运交通枢纽选址问题的研究思路.然后从客运枢纽为了达到方便客户、优化路网、减少投资等综合交通最优化的角度建立了教学模型,并给出了用遗传算法求解的程序流程图.最后通过某城市的客运枢纽规划实例,表明此理论型布局能够满足人们的出行需求,显示了该方法的科学性和可行性.     

基于KPCA-SVM的公路客运量预测研究

支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)是建立在统计学习理论和结构风险最小化准则基础上的机器学习方法,该方法可以较好的解决以往很多学习方法的小样本、高维数、非线性和局部最小点等实际问题.本文利用支持向量机(SVM)回归理论和方法,建立基于核函数主成分支持向量机(Kernel Principal Component Analysis-Support Vector Machine,KPCA-SVM)回归模型,并用2000-2008年杭州市公路客运量为样本进行了预测,结果表明,KPCA-SVM模型具有较高的预测精度和可靠性,是一种有效的公路客运量预测方法.     

Assessing the growth-inducing impact of the Appalachian Development Highway System in southern Ohio: Did policy promote change?

The concept of “inducing growth” is typically considered an adverse consequence of a project on the land use system. In certain instances, however, the desire to induce growth and foster land use change is a focus of land use policy. Such is the example of the Appalachian Highway Development System (AHDS) program initiated by the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) during the late 1960s. With the goal of providing highway infrastructure to improve assess to a geographically isolated and historically impoverished region, the ADHS has added nearly 3000 miles of highway to the Appalachian landscape. The degree to which highway investment has contributed to regional growth remains a controversial point and tractable methods to quickly assess landscape change given a project of this magnitude are elusive. In this paper a portion of the AHDS trending through southern Ohio is examined using data acquired from the Landsat series of satellites. Beginning with a pre-highway condition in 1976, a 26 year time horizon, concluding in 2002, was analyzed based on a post-classification change detection methodology. Results of this investigation revealed slight, yet significant, levels of urban expansion within a 10 km corridor along the path of AHDS Corridor D/State Route 32. Beyond this buffer zone the land use system evidenced more stability, suggesting that as distance increased from Corridor D/State Route 32, reduced accessibility also reduced the attractiveness of land for urban uses. Relating these results back to the infrastructure investment policies of the ARC demonstrates that growth did result from the construction of Corridor D and supports previous findings that land development based on highway construction is extremely time-sensitive.     

我国公路工程施工质量管理浅析

我国每年的公路工程投资巨大,公路工程投资的质量管理是一个非常棘手的问题.文章根据公路工程建设的特点,分析了当前我国公路工程建设质量管理的问题,提出了解决的思路.     

Adding a freight network to a national interstate input–output model: a TransNIEMO application for California

The state of the nation’s infrastructure is the subject of widespread discussion and comment because it is thought to include many deteriorating and unsafe bridges. Ever since the terrorist attacks of 9/11, there has been increasing concern over the extent to which an attack on infrastructure could result in serious economic disruption. This research develops a model to analyze the economic consequences of an attack on a major element of the highway network. We add a freight network to a national multiregional economic impact model and make freight traffic flows endogenous. The use of a sub-national interstate model recognizes that most infrastructure planning is at the state level and most political leaders’ interest is local. We base our approach on the National Interstate Economic Model (NIEMO) and refer to an elaboration that we name Transportation network and the National Interstate Economic Model (TransNIEMO). The new model enables us to study the state-specific and industry-specific economic impacts of some significant changes in the nature of highway freight movements. We tested the model for selected freight movements in and out of California. The results are entirely plausible and encourage us to elaborate and test the model for hypothetical disruptions of freight traffic throughout the US.     

Superhighway patrolman

This fictional prototype explores two of the future's major societal challenges: the delivery of healthcare to an increasingly ageing society; and the policing of a society, in which digital surveillance may predominate. It contrasts the author's vision of what life could be like in the United Kingdom in a decade's time (just as he contemplates retirement) with the simpler values of the 1980s, when he began his postgraduate career. The lyrics of the poignant 1982 Bruce Springsteen song, “Highway Patrolman” are used to bridge the epochs¹. The prototype relocates the two main ‘middle-America’ characters, brothers Joe and Frank Roberts, in London in the year 2025. Much has already changed politically and socially in ‘Western societies’ in the intervening period up to 2012, driven by the inexorable advances of technology. As further scientific advances drive us to an anticipated paradigm change,² one can only speculate on how society will advance, posing serious ethical dilemmas. Many of the changes will be positive. However, the story explores the potential negative consequences to the ageing population, in what appears to be a successful economy. Although somewhat pessimistic in outlook, a hopeful conclusion is that the ‘ties that bind’ will still predominate.     

Should I advertise on the interstate?

The highway logo signing program has existed for over 20 years. Since its inception, most motorists have become accustomed to relying on these blue signs to provide information on services available at each highway exit. However, there is little, if any, literature that examines the program as an advertising source, and no formal literature that addresses the signing program from the perspective of the independent business owner. This paper provides service business owners with information about the highway logo signing program, and is directed toward independent owners who are considering the signing program as an advertising source. A five step process is described that owners can follow to first determine if the venue is viable, and then if the investment is value-added for them.     

旅游公路游客服务设施建设研究——以美国熊牙公路为例

游客服务设施是强化旅游公路游憩功能的重要方面，是促进沿线社区经济发展的有效途径，同时能够提升游客的愉悦体验以及旅行游览的质量，深人游客服务设施建设研究对旅游公路发展有着举足轻重的作用。首先对旅游公路的概念、特征进行概述，并对其游客服务设施的基本要素进行深入剖析，然后以美国熊牙公路（BeartoothHighway）沿线游客服务设施建设为例，从其现状与发展历程、公路沿线游客服务设施建设两方面进行了讨论。借鉴美国熊牙公路先进的建设经验，以推动我国道路，特别是旅游公路游客服务设施理论与实践的发展。     

对新形势下高速公路管理单位精神文明创建工作的几点思考

近年来,各省高速公路迅速的发展,在这样有利的新形势背景下,应牢牢抓住"以人为本"这个基本点,结合单位环境、人员实际,根据工作性质的不同情况,采取有效策略,积极推进高速公路管理单位的精神文明创建工作。     

基于灰色关联分析的公路工程造价估算研究

目前分析公路工程造价相似性问题过多依赖于主观经验判断法,缺乏有效合理的定量方法,本文利用灰色关联度分析原理,提出一种分析公路工程造价相似性的定量方法。首先选取相似案例库,采用熵值法求出该案例库的重要属性特征权重值,再计算出相似案例库与待估案例的灰色关联度,最后得出待估案例的公路工程造价估算值,并通过实例证明该估算模型研究的可行性。