Governing inland ports: a multi-dimensional approach to addressing inland port–city challenges in European transport corridors

Inland ports have been put forward as crucial linkages for efficient global freight transport and corridor development. However, the present understanding of inland ports appears to be limited to network-based views with a maritime port focus (Outside-In), in which inland ports play second fiddle. We argue that inland ports as independent structures (Inside-Out) deserve equal consideration and that in addition to the transport dimension, the spatial, economic and institutional dimensions of inland ports are vital and should not be neglected. The goal of this paper is to apply the concept of port–city challenges to inland ports. The results of an institutional analysis of Dutch case study evidence show that challenges facing inland ports and cities take many forms but that all share a commonality in the trade-offs between positive and negative externalities. We observe different governance strategies in coping with these trade-offs and find that a proactive stance towards zoning contributes to efficiently accommodating mutually exclusive dimensions of inland port development.     

后发企业营销能力对颠覆性创新的影响机制

颠覆性创新逐渐成为后发企业的一种重要战略选择。基于动态能力理论，探讨后发企业由内而外和由外而内两种战略导向下营销能力对颠覆性创新的影响机制，构建营销能力以组织敏捷性为中介影响颠覆性创新的研究模型，进一步分析后发企业认知合法性的调节作用。以中小型科技创新企业为调研对象，并对191份有效问卷进行实证检验发现：后发企业由外而内营销能力对组织敏捷性具有显著正向影响，由内而外营销能力对组织敏捷性存在倒U型影响；组织敏捷性在由内而外和由外而内营销能力与颠覆性创新间发挥了部分中介作用；认知合法性正向调节了由外而内营销能力与组织敏捷性间的关系。