浅谈如何进行环境管理体系的文件审核

本文主要对环境管理体系审核中的文件审核进行了分析,具体对第二阶段现场审核前的文件评审(文件初审)和现场审核时的文件继续审查进行了阐述,指出了不同时期文件审核的目的和作用、方式方法、内容及重点,为环境管理体系的审核员提供指导和参考。     

浅谈铁路建设项目资格预审申请文件、商务标编写方法及建议

2014年以来,铁路固定资产投资每年基本稳定在8000亿元左右,对施工企业而言,要抓住当前的有利机会,争取更多的施工任务。结合当前铁路建设项目资格预审及招标的特点,简要介绍资格预审申请文件、商务标的编写方法,提出相关建议,以期为从业人员提供借鉴。     

秦汉内官职能辨正

秦汉内官的主要职能与逮捕罪人、看押囚犯等狱律令法事务有关。秦汉时的内官机构应是专门管理皇室宗亲及外戚成员的机构，可独立办理涉及皇室宗亲的案件，有相对独立的执法权。内官和廷尉分别负责皇室宗亲外戚和整个国家的司法事务，除涉及对象有别外，其职能基本相同。     

应用立体化文献检索课模式提高读者服务水平

文章分析现阶段广西高职院校文献检索课存在的主要问题,通过对广西20所高职院校开设文献检索课的教学效果进行统计分析,结合现阶段文献检索教学特色,提出在广西区内高职院校的文献检索课中运用立体化教学模式以提高读者服务水平。     

原始凭证失真分析及治理对策

原始凭证是财务报销的依据,也是决定财务信息质量的根本。针对合法原始凭证的流转环节,逐一指出目前会计核算中产生失真原始凭证的薄弱点,提出了预防和治理失真原始凭证的对策。     

提升农村公共危机管理能力——建设社会主义新农村的必经之路

2006年关于三农的"一号文件"提出了建设社会主义新农村的战略构想,为了建设社会主义新农村,我们必须认清我国农村潜伏的危机,并力图提升我国农村公共危机管理的能力.关于农村公共危机,文章着重分析了我国目前农村公共危机的五种类型,最后根据张成福的"全面整合"模式提出了提升农村公共危机管理能力的七种途径.     

The differences in hotel selection among various types of travellers: A comparative analysis with a useful bounded rationality behavioural decision support model

This study aims to investigate the hotel selection differences among different types of travellers through online hotel reviews. Specifically, the study performs a detailed examination of the differences in hotel key factors, criterion importance and selection results among five types of travellers, namely, business, couples, families, friends and solo. Using a sample of 194,885 online reviews on TripAdvisor.com, this study identifies the hotel key factors and criterion importance by employing the term frequency-inverse document frequency algorithm and Word2Vec algorithm. Additionally, a bounded rationality behavioural decision support model with picture fuzzy information is proposed to address hotel selection problems for different traveller types. Our results suggest that different types of travellers present differences in hotel key factors, criterion importance and selection results. However, families and friends have similar hotel selection results. This study can serve as a reference for hotel managers in understanding traveller preferences and for tourism website optimisation.     

Java数字签名在公文传输中的应用

随着OA技术在企业中的广泛应用,如何保障电子公文的完整性、惟一性、可追溯性问题,是电子政务中的研究热点和难点之一。针对上述问题,实现了一种用于解决电子公文防窜改、防抵赖,防仿冒的公文传输系统;针对该系统中的关键技术:消息摘要、数字签名等技术进行了详细的论述;使用Java序列化技术将公钥保存在关系数据库中改变了公钥由CA中心分发的传统方法,进一步优化了系统部署时间和成本。     

最佳秩序——标准化有效性的唯一准绳

标准化属基础工作，水平提升缓慢。能力和需求间的差距会导致‘将研制标准混同标准文本撰写”等错误理念，弱化了其对经济社会的支撑作用：为此，有必要重新研读标准化，结合具体案例剖析常见认识误区，以促进标准化上作健康有序发展。     

Term frequency – function of document frequency: a new term weighting scheme for enterprise information retrieval

In today's business environment, enterprises are increasingly under pressure to process the vast amount of data produced everyday within enterprises. One method is to focus on the business intelligence (BI) applications and increasing the commercial added-value through such business analytics activities. Term weighting scheme, which has been used to convert the documents as vectors in the term space, is a vital task in enterprise Information Retrieval (IR), text categorisation, text analytics, etc. When determining term weight in a document, the traditional TF-IDF scheme sets weight value for the term considering only its occurrence frequency within the document and in the entire set of documents, which leads to some meaningful terms that cannot get the appropriate weight. In this article, we propose a new term weighting scheme called Term Frequency – Function of Document Frequency (TF-FDF) to address this issue. Instead of using monotonically decreasing function such as Inverse Document Frequency, FDF presents a convex function that dynamically adjusts weights according to the significance of the words in a document set. This function can be manually tuned based on the distribution of the most meaningful words which semantically represent the document set. Our experiments show that the TF-FDF can achieve higher value of Normalised Discounted Cumulative Gain in IR than that of TF-IDF and its variants, and improving the accuracy of relevance ranking of the IR results.