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1.
The 1992–93 recession in the western states of Germany has been attributed, in substantial measure, to the macroeconomic consequences of policies to finance unification. Studies of the costs of unification have not attempted to measure the burden of the recession. We estimate a dynamic, panel model of household incomes using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) and use it to forecast what these incomes would have been in 1992–94 without a recession. Using a ratio of actual to forecast incomes, we compare the relative burden of the recession across households. Our findings suggest that western households below the median income bore the brunt of the combined impact of unification and the recession of 1992–93.
JEL classification: P3, D3, E3. 相似文献
JEL classification: P3, D3, E3. 相似文献
2.
该文对嘉兴市6个年级共600个小学生的人体测量数据,进行了统计分析,探讨了男女小学生体型随年龄变化的规律。 相似文献
3.
Rolf Biehler 《Revue internationale de statistique》1997,65(2):167-189
The community of statisticians and statistics educators should take responsibility for the evaluation and improvement of software quality from the perspective of education. The paper will develop a perspective, an ideal system of requirements to critically evaluate existing software and to produce future software more adequate both for learning and doing statistics in introductory courses. Different kinds of tools and microworlds are needed. After discussing general requirements for such programs, a prototypical ideal software system will be presented in detail. It will be illustrated how such a system could be used to construct learning environments and to support elementary data analysis with exploratory working style. 相似文献
4.
采用定向战斗部已成为防空导弹增强战斗部杀伤威力的重要发展方向,但是定向战斗部的应用对起爆控制系统提出了新的要求。本文提出一种利用防空导弹无线电引信与导引头一体化设计(简称引制一体化设计),并应用数据融合实现定向战斗部起爆控制的技术途径。 相似文献
5.
无形会计数据信度即度量结果的重复性程度,是反映会计数据的客观性指标。效度是判断度量结果即研究对象结果的有效性程度。会计数据的信度与效度的探讨有助于会计信息质量的改善与质量标准的制定,对于进一步展开会计科学的研究也具有一定的意义。本文通过分析会计数据信度与效度的特征性,探讨与验证会计数据信度与效度路径研究方法。 相似文献
6.
Jonas Agell 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2004,106(3):437-452
Do incentives differ between large and small organizations? Results from a representative survey of compensation managers are used to shed light on the issues. I find that (i) small establishments rely less on pecuniary incentives, and have a significantly more hostile attitude towards incentive schemes based on competition and relative rewards; (ii) large units are more vulnerable to mechanisms of efficiency wages, effects that remain even after controlling for differences in monitoring ability; (iii) large units are more prone to indicate that negative reciprocity is important, and that their employees care about relative pay. I argue that these findings fit with behavioral stories of incentives and motivation, in particular those stressing group interaction effects, inequity aversion and gift exchange. 相似文献
7.
Abstract. Economists devote considerable energies towards refining their econometric techniques to overcome difficulties connected with conducting empirical research. Despite advances in technique. it is not clear whether further refinement in this direction is worthwhile for policy purposes. It may be that no further amount of statistical adjustment of inadequate data will increase understanding, and that better data is simply necessary to add to our knowledge. But rarely is sufficient credit paid to new forms of data. In short, econometric technique is emphasized to the neglect of data innovation, as if new data were merely lying about waiting for an ingenious suggestion for use. This paper surveys advances of the last twenty five years in estimating labour supply for policy purposes with a view towards appreciating the relative contribution of both improvements in econometric technique as well as developments of new data.
After briefly detailing the key parameters which economists have sought to estimate, we describe the early 'first generation' research (circa 1970), which is plagued by problems of unobservable variables, measurement errors, truncation and selectivity bias, and non linear budget constraints. 'Second generation' research constitute attempts to resolve one or more of these difficulties, and the respective contribution of econometric technique and new data is acknowledged and assessed, including the contribution of data generated by large scale social experiments in which participants are randomly assigned to different guaranteed income plans and their labour supply behaviour measured. 相似文献
After briefly detailing the key parameters which economists have sought to estimate, we describe the early 'first generation' research (circa 1970), which is plagued by problems of unobservable variables, measurement errors, truncation and selectivity bias, and non linear budget constraints. 'Second generation' research constitute attempts to resolve one or more of these difficulties, and the respective contribution of econometric technique and new data is acknowledged and assessed, including the contribution of data generated by large scale social experiments in which participants are randomly assigned to different guaranteed income plans and their labour supply behaviour measured. 相似文献
8.
Underdetermination, associated with the DuhemQuine thesis,is a familiar if under-researched theme in economics. In thelight of this, we examine the development of urban land andhousing economics. Through its Cartesian dualistic delineationof theory and data, the contemporary mainstream approach appearsunable to circumvent the problem of underdetermination. In effect,it employs the strong version of DuhemQuine in its retentionof the assumption of a single, unitary competitive market (andassociated accessspace trade-off). Conversely, we highlightthe affinity of Ely's (and the later Columbia School's) approachto pragmatists Dewey and Peirce, which provides a more fruitfulbasis for explanation. 相似文献
9.
Joseph L. Schafer 《Statistica Neerlandica》2003,57(1):19-35
Bayesian multiple imputation (MI) has become a highly useful paradigm for handling missing values in many settings. In this paper, I compare Bayesian MI with other methods – maximum likelihood, in particular—and point out some of its unique features. One key aspect of MI, the separation of the imputation phase from the analysis phase, can be advantageous in settings where the models underlying the two phases do not agree. 相似文献
10.
利用面板数据对中国东、中、西部的进口额和GDP增长关系进行的实证研究。在短期内,GDP增长对进口额影响最小是中部地区,在长期,西部GDP增长对进口额影响最大。中国经济增长对拉动世界经济增长起了十分重要的作用,中国经济增长减速也会影响全球经济。 相似文献