Effects of ethnic advertising on consumers of minority and majority groups: the moderating effect of humor

The effects of portrayals of ethnic endorsers in advertising are ambiguous. These portrayals strengthen the ethnic identity of ethnic minority groups, thus leading to positive responses toward the ad. They can lead to negative responses, because these portrayals can be perceived as stereotyped. Humor is a tool that can increase positive effects of identity-building and reduce negative effects of stereotyping. In this study, we investigate how humor moderates the effects of ethnic advertising on consumers from ethnic minority and majority groups. We find that humor supports the effects of traditional portrayals for both groups. Moreover, the effect of traditional portrayals combined with humor is strongest for the minority group. These findings provide evidence for the positive effects of humor in ethnic advertising and thus provide new insights to the stereotyping, ethnic advertising, and humor literature. The findings have practical implications for advertising using ethnic endorsers, humor, or targeted at ethnic minority groups.     

Technologies of Translocality: Vegetables,Meat and Dresses in Arab Muslim Detroit

The diversification of US suburbs in terms of race, ethnicity and immigration has created invaluable opportunities for scholars to study technologies of translocality‐in‐the‐making. Translocal landscapes are described as spaces of ‘here' studded with ‘parts of elsewhere' (Allen and Cochrane, 2007 )—but which pieces of the landscape count as meaningfully ‘of elsewhere', how do those parts get there, and what range of meanings can they signify? This article is based on qualitative, in‐depth interviews and explores these questions in the context of an Arab Muslim ethnic enclave and retail district in an inner‐ring suburb of Detroit. The findings indicate that ‘parts of elsewhere' are more internally pluralized, multifunctional, multidirectional and aesthetically diverse than commonly recognized. The implications of these findings challenge scholars to develop more robust frameworks to explain how translocal geographies are produced, why they matter, and how they can be recognized.     

以科学发展观为指导促进贵州民族地区经济可持续发展

贵州民族地区经济发展是全省经济发展的重要组成部分。但长期以来,多数民族地区偏重于依靠第二产业尤其是工业增长实现经济跨越式发展的模式。转变民族地区经济发展方式,坚持可持续的发展方向,是民族地区贯彻落实科学发展观的客观需要,是促进民族地区经济又好又快发展的有效途径。     

以企业为主体的民族村寨旅游开发模式的思考——以云南省西双版纳傣族园景区为案例

以企业为主体的旅游开发模式在民族村寨旅游开发中占据着重要的地位。该模式是企业、民族社区的双方博弈,在这个博弈过程中,政府的影响力相当重要。在对西双版纳傣族园景区旅游发展状况及组织形式进行分析的基础上,查找问题,对政府角色进行重新定位,提出了一系列解决问题的对策。     

桂西资源富集区民族文化产业发展模式研究—基于灰色关联度的实证分析

桂西资源富集区具有丰富的民族文化资源,再加上国家和自治区的政策支持,为该区域发展民族文化产业提供了良好的内外部发展条件。因此,大力发展民族文化产业、创新民族文化产业发展模式对加快桂西资源富集区的经济发展,探索资源开发利用新模式具有重要的现实意义。通过利用灰色关联度分析法对影响该地区民族文化产业发展因素进行关联度的实证分析,从政府主导、人才科技支撑、资源依托、产业融合带动四个方面探讨了该地区民族文化产业的合理发展模式。     

西南地区民族文化旅游演出发展途径研究

旅游演出是西南地区文化产业与旅游产业实现耦合升级的关键。气候条件、游客规模、民族文化和政府支持等要素都是西南地区旅游演出发展的重要动力机制,其中独具特色的文化资源是产业发展的关键;产品的创意开发、运作机制的科学灵活和体制机制的不断创新等的有机结合,是西南地区旅游演出产业运营成功的主要途径。针对西南地区旅游演出面临的制约因素,可从产品定位、演出品牌打造、运作模式创新、规划和引导及扶持政策等方面人手解决,最终实现西南地区旅游演出的产业升级。     

非星级旅游饭店产品民族特色化创新路径探究

非星级旅游饭店产品民族特色化创新在遵循市场导向性、特色性、参与性、经济可行性、文化性、环保性原则的基础上,走创建民族特色型主题酒店、民族特色型产品、产品部分功能民族特色化道路,是非星级旅游饭店实现可持续发展的主要路径。     

我国少数民族地区构建服务型政府刍议

长期以来,理论界对如何建立服务型政府,正确处理民族地区服务与管理的关系、服务与领导的关系等问题的争议颇多。而研究和探讨这些问题,对进一步深化民族地区的政府管理体制改革,转变民族地区的政府职能,具有重要的现实意义。     

The impact of ethnic diversity on microenterprise start-ups

Until recently, factors determining the decisions made by microfinance institutions (MFIs) to extend loans to business start-ups had not been explored. Recent evidence shows that MFI performance with regard to funds issued for small business start-ups depends on MFI-level characteristics such as profit orientation. We argue that these decisions do not only depend on MFI-specific practices or characteristics, but also on the role ethnic diversity plays. Using data on microfinance lending activities for business start-ups, we examine the impact of ethnic diversity on microenterprise start-ups. Results show that ethnic diversity negatively affects the provision of financial capital for business start-up. Furthermore, results also suggest a negative association between ethnic diversity and the share of female borrowers recorded by MFIs. We examine social networks and outreach as potential channels through which ethnic diversity affects business start-ups.     

The Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism Needs Better Categories: Clearing up the Confusions that Result from Blurring Analytic and Lay Concepts

Synopsis It has been difficult to make progress in the study of ethnicity and nationalism because of the multiple confusions of analytic and lay terms, and the sheer lack of terminological standardization (often even within the same article). This makes a conceptual cleaning-up unavoidable, and it is especially salutary to attempt it now that more economists are becoming interested in the effects of identity on behavior, so that they may begin with the best conceptual tools possible. My approach to these questions has been informed by anthropological and evolutionary-psychological questions. I will focus primarily on the terms ‘ethnic group’, ‘nation’, and ‘nationalism’, and I will make the following points: (1) so-called ‘ethnic groups’ are collections of people with a common cultural identity, plus an ideology of membership by descent and normative endogamy; (2) the ‘group’ in ‘ethnic group’ is a misleading misnomer—these are not ‘groups’ but categories, so I propose to call them ‘ethnies’; (3) ‘nationalism’ mostly refers to the recent ideology that ethnies—cultural communities with a self-conscious ideology of self-sufficient reproduction—be made politically sovereign; (4) it is very confusing to use ‘nationalism’ also to stand for ‘loyalty to a multi-ethnic state’ because this is the exact opposite; (5) a ‘nation’ truly exists only in a politician’s imagination, so analysts should not pretend that establishing whether something ‘really’ is or is not ‘a nation’ matters; (6) a big analytic cost is paid every time an ‘ethnie’ is called a ‘nation’ because this mobilizes the intuition that nationalism is indispensable to ethnic organization (not true), which thereby confuses the very historical process—namely, the recent historical emergence of nationalism—that must be explained; (7) another analytical cost is paid when scholars pretend that ethnicity is a form of kinship—it is not.