The social process of internet appropriation: Living in a digitally advanced country benefits less well-educated Europeans

We generalize and extend the sequential model proposed by the resources and appropriation theory to explain the digital divide in the European Union plus the United Kingdom (EU27+UK). We measure the theoretical constructs of the model with data provided by the EU and test the theoretical predictions using a partial least squares structural equation model. We find support for the hypothesized relationships but find that the effects vary depending on the digital development level of countries. While education overall is the primary determinant of the social production of digital inequalities, a country's digital development level is crucial for less well-educated Europeans. These findings have theoretical and practical implications: (1) they call into question the homogeneity of the effect of causal relationships and the assumption that individuals differ only in terms of motivation, access, and digital skills, and (2) they indicate that socially disadvantaged Europeans benefit from living in more digitally developed countries.     

重庆市城市土地经济效益评价

从产出和投入两方面构建城市土地经济效益评价的指标体系,采用层次分析法对重庆城市土地的经济效益进行评价,可知:重庆城市土地的经济效益总体水平较低、波动较大,重庆城市近年来投入偏高影响了土地经济效益,而且重庆城市土地利用的集约化水平不高.     

Labour use efficiency in the Indian and Pakistani commercial banks

The Indian and Pakistani banking industry is said to have an excessive use of labour due to the significant market share of government owned banks. Both countries have undertaken a process of regulatory reform to bring about market discipline in the usage of inputs and to increase the labour use efficiency and productivity. The focus of this paper is the estimation of productivity and efficiency of labour use in the banking sectors of the Indian sub-continent. The results show that the efficiency of labour use across the Indian sub-continent is improving over time and that foreign banks are more efficient compared to domestically owned banks in their usage of labour.     

城乡结合部用地矛盾成因分析--以北京市为例

特殊的土地利用和管理特点使得城乡结合部用地矛盾尤为凸现.人口、城市发展、集体经济发展是造成土地供求紧张的直接原因,但是管理制度的不健全则是导致和加剧矛盾激化的深层次原因.在对北京市城乡结合部土地利用与房地产市场调查的基础上,对北京市城乡结合部的用地矛盾进行分析,并从深层次揭示问题的根源和变化规律.     

Land use externalities, open space preservation, and urban sprawl

Parcel data on residential land conversion are used to investigate how land use externalities influence the rate of development and modify policies designed to manage urban growth and preserve open space. Several “smart growth” policies are found to significantly influence land conversion, including a development clustering policy that concentrates development and generates preserved open space. In addition to directly affecting a parcel's hazard rate of conversion, this policy is found to affect neighboring parcels' conversion by generating a positive open space externality that hastens their development. The implication that the clustering policy could generate a more sprawled pattern of development is explored using spatial simulation.     

The housing question in Japan

This article first examines how bad housing conditions are in Japan based on international comparisons. The next question is whether the extremely high land prices in Japan can be explained by economic logic. We then turn to more specific housing policy questions that are peculiar to or important in Japan, such as the tax advantages of owning land that have caused under-utilization of land and the reasons why the average size of Japanese rental housing is so small.     

Legalization of drugs: Effects on the workplace

In the last few years bipartisan support for legalizing drugs has grown to a surprising level. Because of the lack of involvement of the business community in this debate, we surveyed the human resource managers of 127 firms about their perceptions of the effects of legalization. Their responses were uniformly negative, with expectations that drug use, absenteeism, worksite crime, and liability costs would increase, while the quality and quantity of work would decline. They also forecast increases in drug testing, performance monitoring, and education and rehabilitation programs as a result.     

国家审计对地方财政支出结构的影响研究

运用国家审计理论,依据2007—2018年中国30个省份相关数据,考量国家审计对地方财政支出结构的影响机制以及财政资金使用效率和财政压力的中介效应。结果表明,国家审计对地方财政支出结构影响显著,国家审计通过提高财政资金使用效率和缓解财政压力两种机制影响地方财政支出结构;同时,财政资金使用效率与财政压力在国家审计提升地方社会性支出占比中发挥链式中介作用。鉴于此,应充分发挥国家审计治理效能,秉持研究型审计新理念,优化地方财政支出结构;开展财政资金绩效审计,提升地方财政资金使用效率。     

宅基地使用权转让的法律路径——兼评《物权法草案》第162条

设计宅基地使用权的转让制度既要充分考虑我国农村的现实，又要保持相关规则之间的协调。“一户一宅”原则宜表述为“一户只能申请一处宅基地”。物权法对宅基地使用权的转让可以进行必要的限制，但不宜作出绝对的禁止性规定，应当允许宅基地使用权在一定条件下和一定范围内转让。非本集体经济组织成员受让宅基地使用权有其必要性，但必须予以限制。宅基地使用权转让的登记制度，可统一采用“未经登记，不发生物权的效力”的处理模武。     

广播谈话节目中细节的运用与处理

广播谈话节目是广播节目主持人与嘉宾、听众之间的以思想观念、感情心理的深层交流为目的的双向交流节目。怎样使节目能够不断出新、出彩从而吸引听众呢?细节的运用与处理大有文章可做。细节分为两种，即必然的细节和偶然的细节。必然的细节更多地运用在节目的开场和结尾，它可以很好地烘托节目主题；偶然的细节，它可以使节目”形散而神不散”、自然流畅、浑然天成。有人说细节成就精品就是这个道理。在谈话节目中，必然细节和偶然细节是可以根据实际情况灵活运用于开场白、主体部分及结束语中的，决不能视为固定不变的公式。