Public acceptance of and heterogeneity in behavioral beach trip responses to offshore wind farm development in Catalonia (Spain)

A combined travel cost – contingent behaviour survey of residents and tourists in Catalonia is conducted on-site to examine the effects on beach recreational demand of developing an offshore wind farm (OWF) project. The survey considers four potential OWF scenarios with different degrees of visual impact. We allow for heterogeneity in trip preferences among individuals and control for on-site sampling through the use of a random parameters negative binomial (RPNB) model and a Multivariate Poisson log-normal (MPLN) model, respectively. The welfare measures derived from the RPNB model relate to the current beach users only, whereas those from the MPLN model refer to the general population of residents and tourists in Catalonia. The results show the importance of the specific place of location of the OWF project and how the installation of wind turbines would significantly decrease the demand for trips, depending on their degree of visual impacts, leading to a substantial welfare loss. However, the results also show that the project mainly would cause a displacement of trips to other beaches within Catalonia rather than outside Catalonia and that the welfare per trip measures generated by the RPNB and MPLN models substantially differ. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.     

Using spatial microsimulation to account for demographic and spatial factors in environmental benefit transfer

This paper presents a simulation-based modelling approach for estimating total visitor numbers and amenity values for prospective non-priced open-access outdoor recreation sites. To begin, the geographic extent of the market for recreation at a policy site is estimated using data from a similar study site. The population residing within this geographic area is simulated using a spatial microsimulation model and GIS techniques and an individual-level ‘visitor arrival function’ is then transferred across this simulated population. This allows the latent demand for visits to the policy site by each simulated individual to be predicted and summed, providing an estimate of the total potential demand for recreation at the site. Combining this with an economic value measure of a visit provides an estimate of the potential amenity value of the policy site. The approach is applied to Moyode Wood, a small-scale forest in the West of Ireland, and estimates the potential total economic value of recreation at €0.4 million for the site. The research represents the first time that spatial microsimulation has been used in environmental benefit transfer and shows how it can be used to control for differences in demographic and spatial factors between study and policy sites. It also demonstrates how individual-level single-site travel cost models estimated using on-site survey data can be used to predict demand at alternative policy sites.     

从游客环境容量到LAC理论环境容量概念的新发展

LAC(可接受的改变极限)是从游客环境容量概念发展而来的，用于解决资源保护和旅游发展之间矛盾的理论。这一理论在很多国家的规划和管理中得到了广泛的应用，取得了良好的效果。本文阐述了从环境容量到LAC理论的发展过程，描述了LAC理论的九个步骤，简要介绍了LAC理论的衍生技术方法。     

福州国家森林公园森林景观游憩效益评价

本文针对森林景观具有部分公共商品的特性 ,将TCM法 (即旅行费用法 )的基本原理与方法引入到森林景观游憩效益的评价中来 ,对福州国家森林公园的森林景观的游憩效益进行评价 ,得到其景观游憩效益为 3 .92 0 6 1 4亿元。     

我国城市化与休闲游憩业发展的互动研究

城市化和休闲游憩业都是当前我国城市发展过程中的热点问题.文章在分析城市化和休闲游憩业概念的基础上对两者的相互作用进行了初步的探讨,并提出了相关对策.     

上海农业旅游资源开发现状与发展对策

上海拥有丰富的顾客资源和农业旅游资源,但2006年上海农业旅游收入只有10亿,占全年旅游总收入的不足2%,而发达国家的农业旅游收入已经达到其总收入的25%,因此,上海的农业旅游市场潜力巨大.文章在文献研究和实地调查的基础上,阐述了上海农业旅游资源开发的现状和存在的问题,并试图发现解决问题的方法,为上海及中国农业旅游的开展提供参考与借鉴.     

基于CVM方法的福州国家森林公园游憩价值评价

基于CVM方法对福州国家森林公园的游憩价值进行评价,调查结果得出:2015年福州国家森林公园的游憩价值为2.164亿元。游客对公园的满意度和旅游次数与游客的支付意愿呈显著正相关(p0.05),游客的家庭人口数(p0.01)、月收入(p0.01)和职称(p0.05)与游客的WTP值呈显著正相关。基于研究,景区应在生态环境、服务设施和质量上进一步挖掘公园潜在的游憩价值,并在游客森林游憩过程中,普及生态环境知识和宣传教育,提高游客的生态保护意识。     

中部槽水性煤机专用漆工艺研究

中部槽是刮板机最主要部件之一,作为矿山机械刮板输送机的机身。数量最多占比最大,是煤炭输送的通道。由于工件重量较重,目前喷漆采用人工油漆喷涂,人工喷涂不均匀,漆膜厚度不一致,油漆存在人员污染问题。结合现有喷漆闪锈与产品锈蚀问题,对水性漆防沉淀、耐候耐水性、闪锈、起皱与漆裂等进行研究及实验。研究出一种可在产品锈蚀状态下使用的中部槽水性快干专用漆。     

Accounting for Gender in a Study of the Motivation-Involvement Relationship

ABSTRACT

The effects of gender on involvement in high-risk recreation have received limited research attention despite mounting evidence suggesting the learned interactions between people and places likely vary for men and women. The purpose of this study was to provide insights into how gender influenced the motivation-involvement relationship among whitewater recreationists on a Wild and Scenic River in California. Our results revealed the motivations of Risk, Escape, Learning, and Achievement/Stimulation positively influenced involvement in rafting activities. Although gender did not influence all dimensions of involvement, we found that identity expression varied between subgroups. Specifically, men were more likely to ascribe meaning to rafting than women because this activity allowed them to affirm and express their individual character. The implications emanating from this study advance theoretical understanding of the factors that influence enduring involvement and inform natural resource management decisions about maintaining the desired benefits of activities sought by nature-based recreationists.     

Recreation and Tourism in Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty: Key Influences on the Policymaking Process

This paper reports on a study completed in 2000 into the policymaking process for recreation and tourism in AONBs across England and Wales, with particular focus on the key influencing role of communication within this process. A number of practical measures, which might aid AONB communication and collaboration for policy development and implementation in the future, are derived from the research. In addition, the findings of the study lend weight to calls (current at the time of the research) for enhanced powers and funding for AONBs, particularly in respect of recreation and tourism provision.