Optimal management of the New Zealand longfin eel (Anguilla dieffenbachii)*

Annual recruitment of the New Zealand longfin eel (Anguilla dieffenbachii) has decreased by 75 per cent since significant levels of commercial fishing began in the early 1970s. This motivates application of a multiple‐cohort bioeconomic model to a New Zealand longfin eel fishery to investigate its optimal management and ascertain the suitability of existing regulatory policy. The use of historical harvest to calculate total allowable catch is asserted to be unsustainable based on recovery dynamics. In addition, individual transferable quota systems are argued to be fundamentally flawed for the protection of longfin fisheries because of high‐grading, low‐surplus production and a current lack of effective stock‐assessment procedures. Area closure and the spatial definition of harvest rights are attractive alternatives given the territoriality of longfins and high larval spillover. The importance of unfished reserves is reinforced when significant uncertainties regarding population strength, harvest intensity and growth dynamics are considered. Restriction of exploitation to older cohorts in fished areas is demonstrated to maximise economic yield.     

磺胺嘧啶在欧洲鳗鲡体内的药代动力学研究

在（25±1）℃水温条件下,以300 mg/kg的单剂量,给欧洲鳗鲡混饲口灌磺胺嘧啶后,用高效液相色谱法测定血浆和肌肉中的药物浓度,研究了磺胺嘧啶在欧洲鳗鲡体内的药代动力学特征。结果表明：欧洲鳗鲡血浆和肌肉中磺胺嘧啶经时过程均符合一级吸收二室开放模型,其理论方程为：C血浆=196.16^e-0.0308 t＋44.028e^-0.0067 t-7.9584e^-0.0871 t,血浆中药物主要动力学参数如下：T1/2ka为7.9584h;T1/2a为22.473h;T1/2β为104.27h;Tmax为21.512h;Cmax为100.51mg/L。C肌肉=0.077e^-0.061 t＋34.545e^-0.015 t-3.8399e^-0.181 t,肌肉中主要动力学参数如下：T1/2ka为3.8399h;T1/2a为11.277h;T1/2β为46.210h;Tmax为15.762h;Cmax为25.024mg/kg。以20μg/kg为最高残留限量计算,在本试验条件下,建议磺胺嘧啶在欧洲鳗鲡体内的休药期不低于48d。